King James Version

What Does Isaiah 40:19 Mean?

Isaiah 40:19 in the King James Version says “The workman melteth a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth it over with gold, and casteth silver chains. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 40 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The workman melteth a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth it over with gold, and casteth silver chains.

Isaiah 40:19 · KJV


Context

17

All nations before him are as nothing; and they are counted to him less than nothing, and vanity.

18

To whom then will ye liken God? or what likeness will ye compare unto him?

19

The workman melteth a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth it over with gold, and casteth silver chains.

20

He that is so impoverished that he hath no oblation chooseth a tree that will not rot; he seeketh unto him a cunning workman to prepare a graven image, that shall not be moved. is so: Heb. is poor of oblation

21

Have ye not known? have ye not heard? hath it not been told you from the beginning? have ye not understood from the foundations of the earth?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse satirizes idol manufacture with biting irony: a craftsman creates what people then worship. The Hebrew 'nasak' (cast/pour) describes metal-working, while overlaying with gold and silver makes an impressive but impotent object. The absurdity is intentional—worshiping what human hands made inverts the Creator-creature relationship.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Babylon's religion featured elaborate idol processions and gold-covered statues. Isaiah mocks these expensive lifeless objects, contrasting them with the living God who cannot be contained in human-made forms.

Reflection Questions

  1. What modern 'idols' do people carefully craft and decorate, only to serve them?
  2. How does this verse expose the foolishness of trusting in anything created rather than the Creator?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
הַפֶּ֙סֶל֙1 of 9

a graven image

H6459

an idol

נָסַ֣ךְ2 of 9

melteth

H5258

to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy, to anoint a king

חָרָ֔שׁ3 of 9

The workman

H2796

a fabricator or any material

צוֹרֵֽף׃4 of 9

and casteth

H6884

to fuse (metal), i.e., refine (literally or figuratively)

בַּזָּהָ֣ב5 of 9

it over with gold

H2091

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

יְרַקְּעֶ֑נּוּ6 of 9

spreadeth

H7554

to pound the earth (as a sign of passion); by analogy to expand (by hammering); by implication, to overlay (with thin sheets of metal)

וּרְתֻק֥וֹת7 of 9

chains

H7577

something fastened, i.e., a chain

כֶּ֖סֶף8 of 9

silver

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

צוֹרֵֽף׃9 of 9

and casteth

H6884

to fuse (metal), i.e., refine (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 40:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 40:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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