King James Version

What Does Isaiah 17:2 Mean?

Isaiah 17:2 in the King James Version says “The cities of Aroer are forsaken: they shall be for flocks, which shall lie down, and none shall make them afraid. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The cities of Aroer are forsaken: they shall be for flocks, which shall lie down, and none shall make them afraid.

Isaiah 17:2 · KJV


Context

1

The burden of Damascus. Behold, Damascus is taken away from being a city, and it shall be a ruinous heap.

2

The cities of Aroer are forsaken: they shall be for flocks, which shall lie down, and none shall make them afraid.

3

The fortress also shall cease from Ephraim, and the kingdom from Damascus, and the remnant of Syria: they shall be as the glory of the children of Israel, saith the LORD of hosts.

4

And in that day it shall come to pass, that the glory of Jacob shall be made thin, and the fatness of his flesh shall wax lean.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The cities of Aroer (likely referring to cities in the region) are forsaken, becoming pastures for flocks that lie down undisturbed. This vivid image depicts urban centers reverting to pastoral landscape—walls that once protected citizens now shelter only sheep. The phrase 'none shall make them afraid' emphasizes complete desolation; typically shepherds feared bandits or wild animals, but here total depopulation means even flocks graze safely. This agricultural reversal illustrates judgment's thoroughness—civilization replaced by pastoral simplicity. Theologically, it demonstrates that human glory (cities, culture, power) is transient; only God's kingdom endures.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Aroer cities in the Transjordan region were strategic locations controlling trade routes. Assyrian conquest systematically depopulated conquered territories, deporting skilled populations and leaving land underdeveloped. Archaeological surveys show many ancient cities in this region have destruction layers from 8th century BCE followed by abandonment or reduced occupation. The pastoral reversal described here reflects actual historical patterns following Assyrian campaigns—urbanized areas becoming grazing lands as population centers collapsed.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does cities becoming sheep pastures teach about the transience of human civilization?
  2. How does depopulation demonstrate judgment's comprehensive nature?
  3. In what ways should this warn against trusting in earthly securities like cities and walls?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
עֲזֻב֖וֹת1 of 8

are forsaken

H5800

to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc

עָרֵ֣י2 of 8

The cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

עֲרֹעֵ֑ר3 of 8

of Aroer

H6177

aror, the name of three places in or near palestine

לַעֲדָרִ֣ים4 of 8

they shall be for flocks

H5739

an arrangement, i.e., muster (of animals)

תִּֽהְיֶ֔ינָה5 of 8
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

וְרָבְצ֖וּ6 of 8

which shall lie down

H7257

to crouch (on all four legs folded, like a recumbent animal); by implication, to recline, repose, brood, lurk, imbed

וְאֵ֥ין7 of 8
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

מַחֲרִֽיד׃8 of 8

and none shall make them afraid

H2729

to shudder with terror; hence, to fear; also to hasten (with anxiety)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 17:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 17:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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