King James Version

What Does Isaiah 1:22 Mean?

Isaiah 1:22 in the King James Version says “Thy silver is become dross, thy wine mixed with water: — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thy silver is become dross, thy wine mixed with water:

Isaiah 1:22 · KJV


Context

20

But if ye refuse and rebel, ye shall be devoured with the sword: for the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it.

21

How is the faithful city become an harlot! it was full of judgment; righteousness lodged in it; but now murderers.

22

Thy silver is become dross, thy wine mixed with water:

23

Thy princes are rebellious, and companions of thieves: every one loveth gifts, and followeth after rewards: they judge not the fatherless, neither doth the cause of the widow come unto them.

24

Therefore saith the Lord, the LORD of hosts, the mighty One of Israel, Ah, I will ease me of mine adversaries, and avenge me of mine enemies:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The metaphors of silver becoming dross and wine mixed with water depict moral and spiritual adulteration. Silver, representing value and purity, has become worthless slag; wine (symbolizing joy and covenant blessing) is diluted, losing potency. This illustrates how sin corrupts what God intended for good. The imagery anticipates Malachi 3:2-3's refining fire and the New Testament's call to purity (1 Peter 1:7). Reformed theology sees this as total depravity's corruption of God's good creation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Metallurgical and viticultural imagery would resonate with Isaiah's agrarian audience. The mixed wine may reference merchants diluting product for profit, reflecting broader economic injustice.

Reflection Questions

  1. What aspects of our lives have become 'dross'—externally religious but internally compromised?
  2. How does God's refining process restore us to intended purity?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
כַּסְפֵּ֖ךְ1 of 6

Thy silver

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

הָיָ֣ה2 of 6
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לְסִיגִ֑ים3 of 6

is become dross

H5509

scoria

סָבְאֵ֖ךְ4 of 6

thy wine

H5435

potation, concretely (wine), or abstractly (carousal)

מָה֥וּל5 of 6

mixed

H4107

properly, to cut down or reduce, i.e., by implication, to adulterate

בַּמָּֽיִם׃6 of 6

with water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 1:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 1:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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