King James Version

What Does Genesis 5:3 Mean?

Genesis 5:3 in the King James Version says “And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Se... — study this verse from Genesis chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth:

Genesis 5:3 · KJV


Context

1

This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God made he him;

2

Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.

3

And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth:

4

And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons and daughters:

5

And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; an... This passage belongs to the primeval history section (Genesis 1-11) which establishes universal truths about God, humanity, sin, and divine purposes before focusing on Abraham and Israel. These chapters answer fundamental questions about human origins, the spread of wickedness, God's judgment, and the preservation of a righteous remnant.

Recurring patterns emerge: human sin escalating from individual disobedience to societal corruption, divine patience followed by judgment, gracious preservation of a remnant, and covenant promises ensuring redemptive purposes continue. The genealogies connect historical persons, demonstrate the fulfillment of divine promises (blessing and multiplication), and trace the line leading to Abraham and ultimately Christ.

Key theological themes in this section include: (1) sin's destructive progression affecting all humanity; (2) God's righteous judgment while preserving mercy; (3) human pride and autonomy opposing divine sovereignty; (4) cultural development as both blessing and potential idolatry; (5) God's sovereign plan advancing despite human rebellion. These narratives provide the necessary context for understanding God's calling of Abraham and the covenant promises through which all nations will be blessed.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The primeval history (Genesis 1-11) parallels ancient Near Eastern traditions including Sumerian King Lists (pre-flood longevity), Akkadian flood traditions (Atrahasis, Gilgamesh), and Mesopotamian city foundation myths. However, Genesis demythologizes these traditions, presenting monotheistic history rather than polytheistic mythology. The genealogies connecting Adam to Noah to Abraham provide historical framework absent in pagan myths.

Archaeological evidence confirms ancient urbanization (chapter 4's cities), agricultural development, metallurgy, and musical instruments emerging in Mesopotamia's early history. The Babel account reflects Mesopotamian ziggurat construction (stepped pyramid temples), particularly in Babylon. Linguistic diversity requiring explanation was obvious to ancient peoples, making the Babel narrative culturally relevant.

For Israel in covenant with Yahweh, these chapters explained their relationship to surrounding nations. All peoples descended from Noah, but Israel descended from Shem through Abraham—chosen for blessing all nations. The flood demonstrated God's justice and mercy: judging wickedness while preserving the righteous. This pattern would recur throughout Israel's history, assuring them that God's covenant faithfulness endures despite judgment on the wicked.

Reflection Questions

  1. What theological truths about Genealogy emerge from this passage?
  2. What specific changes in thinking or behavior does this verse call us to make?
  3. How does understanding Christ as the ultimate fulfillment illuminate this passage's meaning?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיְחִ֣י1 of 12

lived

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive

אָדָ֗ם2 of 12

And Adam

H121

adam the name of the first man, also of a place in palestine

שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים3 of 12

and thirty

H7970

thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth

וּמְאַת֙4 of 12

an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

שָׁנָ֔ה5 of 12

years

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

וַיּ֥וֹלֶד6 of 12

and begat

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

בִּדְמוּת֖וֹ7 of 12

a son in his own likeness

H1823

resemblance; concretely, model, shape; adverbially, like

כְּצַלְמ֑וֹ8 of 12

after his image

H6754

a phantom, i.e., (figuratively) illusion, resemblance; hence, a representative figure, especially an idol

וַיִּקְרָ֥א9 of 12

and called

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

אֶת10 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שְׁמ֖וֹ11 of 12

his name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

שֵֽׁת׃12 of 12

Seth

H8352

sheth, third son of adam


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Genesis. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Genesis 5:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Genesis 5:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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