King James Version

What Does Genesis 17:10 Mean?

Genesis 17:10 in the King James Version says “This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be... — study this verse from Genesis chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised.

Genesis 17:10 · KJV


Context

8

And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God. wherein: Heb. of thy sojournings

9

And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations.

10

This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised.

11

And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you.

12

And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger , which is not of thy seed. he that is eight: Heb. a son of eight days


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man chil... This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise fulfillment.

Central themes include God's unconditional covenant promises (land, descendants, blessing to nations), the call to faith and obedience, the testing of faith through delays and impossibilities, the contrast between divine promises and human schemes, and God's gracious persistence despite human failures. Abraham emerges as the father of faith whose trust in God's promises becomes the model for all believers (Romans 4, Galatians 3, Hebrews 11).

Theologically, these narratives establish: (1) salvation by grace through faith rather than works; (2) covenant as God's gracious initiative binding Himself to His people; (3) the necessity of patient trust when promises seem impossible; (4) the consequences of attempting to fulfill God's promises through human effort; (5) the pattern of divine testing producing mature faith. The Abraham cycle foreshadows Christ as the ultimate seed through whom blessing extends to all nations (Galatians 3:16).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The patriarchal narratives (Genesis 12-50) reflect the cultural, social, and legal customs of the ancient Near East during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BCE). Archaeological discoveries including the Mari tablets, Nuzi tablets, and Egyptian records confirm many details: nomadic pastoralism, covenant-making ceremonies, marriage customs, property laws, and international travel patterns described in Genesis.

The cultural practices reflected include: treaty/covenant forms (Genesis 15), bride-price customs (Genesis 24, 29), inheritance laws favoring firstborn sons (Genesis 25, 27), adoption practices (Genesis 15, 30), levirate-type arrangements (Genesis 38), and Egyptian administrative systems (Genesis 41, 47). These parallels confirm Genesis's historical reliability while showing how God worked within ancient cultural frameworks to accomplish His purposes.

For later Israelites, these narratives established their identity as Abraham's descendants, explained their claim to Canaan, justified their possession of Joseph's bones (Exodus 13:19), and provided models of faith despite imperfection. The patriarchs' failures and God's faithfulness encouraged Israel that covenant relationship depended on God's grace rather than human merit. The movement from Mesopotamia to Canaan to Egypt set the stage for the Exodus and conquest narratives.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does this passage reveal about God's sovereignty and human responsibility?
  2. How does this passage challenge modern cultural assumptions about identity, purpose, or morality?
  3. How does this passage point forward to Christ and the gospel of redemption?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
זֹ֣את1 of 13
H2063

this (often used adverb)

בְּרִיתִ֞י2 of 13

This is my covenant

H1285

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

אֲשֶׁ֣ר3 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

תִּשְׁמְר֗וּ4 of 13

which ye shall keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

בֵּינִי֙5 of 13
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

וּבֵ֣ינֵיכֶ֔ם6 of 13
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

וּבֵ֥ין7 of 13
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

זַרְעֲךָ֖8 of 13

between me and you and thy seed

H2233

seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity

אַֽחֲרֶ֑יךָ9 of 13

after thee

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

הִמּ֥וֹל10 of 13

among you shall be circumcised

H4135

to cut short, i.e., curtail (specifically the prepuce, i.e., to circumcise); by implication, to blunt; figuratively, to destroy

לָכֶ֖ם11 of 13
H0
כָּל12 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

זָכָֽר׃13 of 13

Every man child

H2145

properly, remembered, i.e., a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Genesis. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Genesis 17:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Genesis 17:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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