King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 34:3 Mean?

Ezekiel 34:3 in the King James Version says “Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill them that are fed: but ye feed not the flock. — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill them that are fed: but ye feed not the flock.

Ezekiel 34:3 · KJV


Context

1

And the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

2

Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD unto the shepherds; Woe be to the shepherds of Israel that do feed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the flocks?

3

Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill them that are fed: but ye feed not the flock.

4

The diseased have ye not strengthened, neither have ye healed that which was sick, neither have ye bound up that which was broken, neither have ye brought again that which was driven away, neither have ye sought that which was lost; but with force and with cruelty have ye ruled them.

5

And they were scattered, because there is no shepherd: and they became meat to all the beasts of the field, when they were scattered. because: or, without a shepherd


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This passage employs the shepherd metaphor to contrast failed human leaders with God as true Shepherd of Israel. Ancient Near Eastern kings commonly used shepherd imagery for their rule; Ezekiel exposes how Israel's leaders failed this calling by exploiting rather than caring for God's flock. From a Reformed perspective, this anticipates Christ as the Good Shepherd (John 10) who lays down His life for the sheep, and calls undershepherds (pastors/elders) to feed and protect God's flock (1 Peter 5:1-4). True shepherds serve the sheep's welfare, not their own interests, demonstrating Christlike servant leadership.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This passage was delivered during the Babylonian exile (c. 586-571 BCE) after Jerusalem's destruction. The exiled community grappled with theological and practical questions: Why had judgment come? Would restoration occur? How should they live in exile? The historical context of ancient Near Eastern covenant patterns, conquest and exile practices, and prophetic literature provides essential background. Archaeological discoveries from this period illuminate the exile's realities and the return's historical fulfillment. Yet Ezekiel's prophecies extend beyond immediate historical context to find fuller realization in Christ and the church, with ultimate consummation in the new creation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse deepen your understanding of God's character, purposes, or ways of working in history?
  2. What specific application does this passage call you to make in your current circumstances or spiritual life?
  3. How does this Old Testament passage illuminate New Testament teaching about Christ, salvation, or the church?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
אֶת1 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַחֵ֤לֶב2 of 11

the fat

H2459

fat, whether literally or figuratively; hence, the richest or choice part

תֹּאכֵ֙לוּ֙3 of 11

Ye eat

H398

to eat (literally or figuratively)

וְאֶת4 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַצֶּ֣מֶר5 of 11

you with the wool

H6785

wool

תִּלְבָּ֔שׁוּ6 of 11

and ye clothe

H3847

properly, wrap around, i.e., (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or figuratively

הַבְּרִיאָ֖ה7 of 11

them that are fed

H1277

fatted or plump

תִּזְבָּ֑חוּ8 of 11

ye kill

H2076

to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)

הַצֹּ֖אן9 of 11

not the flock

H6629

a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)

לֹ֥א10 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִרְעֽוּ׃11 of 11

but ye feed

H7462

to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 34:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 34:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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