King James Version

What Does Exodus 8:19 Mean?

Exodus 8:19 in the King James Version says “Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 8 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

Exodus 8:19 · KJV


Context

17

And they did so; for Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and it became lice in man, and in beast; all the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

18

And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

19

Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

20

And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me.

21

Else, if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses: and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are. swarms: or, a mixture of noisome beasts, etc


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Verse 19 introduces the plague of lice or gnats (כִּנִּם, kinnim), targeting Geb, earth god. Aaron struck the dust of the earth, and it became lice throughout Egypt. This plague attacks Egypt's very ground, showing YHWH's power over the earth itself.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Geb was Egyptian god of the earth, portrayed lying beneath sky goddess Nut. The magicians could not replicate this plague, admitting 'This is the finger of God' (v.19)—recognizing power beyond human manipulation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the magicians' failure teach about the limits of human power?
  2. How does this plague demonstrate God's authority over creation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וַיֹּֽאמְר֤וּ1 of 16

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

הַֽחַרְטֻמִּם֙2 of 16

Then the magicians

H2748

a horoscopist (as drawing magical lines or circles)

אֶל3 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

פַּרְעֹה֙4 of 16

and Pharaoh's

H6547

paroh, a general title of egyptian kings

אֶצְבַּ֥ע5 of 16

This is the finger

H676

something to sieze with, i.e., a finger; by analogy, a toe

אֱלֹהִ֖ים6 of 16

of God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

הִ֑וא7 of 16
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וַיֶּֽחֱזַ֤ק8 of 16

was hardened

H2388

to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra

לֵב9 of 16

heart

H3820

the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything

פַּרְעֹה֙10 of 16

and Pharaoh's

H6547

paroh, a general title of egyptian kings

וְלֹֽא11 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

שָׁמַ֣ע12 of 16

and he hearkened

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

אֲלֵהֶ֔ם13 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֖ר14 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

דִּבֶּ֥ר15 of 16

had said

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

יְהוָֽה׃16 of 16

not unto them as the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 8:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 8:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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