King James Version

What Does Exodus 8:18 Mean?

Exodus 8:18 in the King James Version says “And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, a... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 8 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

Exodus 8:18 · KJV


Context

16

And the LORD said unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the land, that it may become lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

17

And they did so; for Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and it became lice in man, and in beast; all the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

18

And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

19

Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

20

And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Verse 18 introduces the plague of lice or gnats (כִּנִּם, kinnim), targeting Geb, earth god. Aaron struck the dust of the earth, and it became lice throughout Egypt. This plague attacks Egypt's very ground, showing YHWH's power over the earth itself.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Geb was Egyptian god of the earth, portrayed lying beneath sky goddess Nut. The magicians could not replicate this plague, admitting 'This is the finger of God' (v.19)—recognizing power beyond human manipulation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the magicians' failure teach about the limits of human power?
  2. How does this plague demonstrate God's authority over creation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ1 of 13

did

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

כֵ֨ן2 of 13
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

הַֽחַרְטֻמִּ֧ים3 of 13

And the magicians

H2748

a horoscopist (as drawing magical lines or circles)

בְּלָֽטֵיהֶ֛ם4 of 13

so with their enchantments

H3909

properly, covered, i.e., secret; by implication, incantation; also secrecy or (adverb) covertly

לְהוֹצִ֥יא5 of 13

to bring forth

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

אֶת6 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַכִּנָּ֔ם7 of 13

lice

H3654

a gnat

וְלֹ֣א8 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָכֹ֑לוּ9 of 13

but they could

H3201

to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)

וַתְּהִי֙10 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

הַכִּנָּ֔ם11 of 13

lice

H3654

a gnat

בָּֽאָדָ֖ם12 of 13

upon man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

וּבַבְּהֵמָֽה׃13 of 13

and upon beast

H929

properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 8:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 8:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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