King James Version

What Does Exodus 39:11 Mean?

Exodus 39:11 in the King James Version says “And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 39 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.

Exodus 39:11 · KJV


Context

9

It was foursquare; they made the breastplate double: a span was the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, being doubled.

10

And they set in it four rows of stones: the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this was the first row. sardius: or, ruby

11

And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.

12

And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.

13

And the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper: they were inclosed in ouches of gold in their inclosings.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The second row—emerald (נֹפֶךְ, nophek), sapphire (סַפִּיר, sappir, lapis lazuli), and diamond (יָהֲלֹם, yahalom)—continues the spectrum of colors and brilliance. Sapphire's deep blue recalls heaven's glory (Exodus 24:10); emerald's green suggests life and growth; diamond's hardness and clarity symbolize enduring truth. Each tribe has God-given identity and worth; none are interchangeable or expendable. The high priest bore all twelve constantly, teaching that Christ's intercession encompasses every member of His body, none forgotten or neglected (John 17:20).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Lapis lazuli (sapphire) was highly prized in the ancient Near East, imported from Afghanistan. Its deep blue with gold flecks resembled the night sky. The presence of such costly imported stones demonstrated that nothing was too valuable for worship of YHWH.

Reflection Questions

  1. What assurance comes from knowing Christ bears every believer individually, not just 'the church' generically?
  2. How does each stone's unique beauty illustrate that believers have distinct, God-given identities within the body?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
וְהַטּ֖וּר1 of 5

row

H2905

a row; hence, a wall

הַשֵּׁנִ֑י2 of 5

And the second

H8145

properly, double, i.e., second; also adverbially, again

נֹ֥פֶךְ3 of 5

an emerald

H5306

shining; a gem, probably the garnet

סַפִּ֖יר4 of 5

a sapphire

H5601

a gem (perhaps used for scratching other substances), probably the sapphire

וְיָֽהֲלֹֽם׃5 of 5

and a diamond

H3095

a precious stone, probably onyx


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 39:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 39:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study