King James Version

What Does Exodus 3:21 Mean?

Exodus 3:21 in the King James Version says “And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:

Exodus 3:21 · KJV


Context

19

And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by a mighty hand. no: or, but by strong hand

20

And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.

21

And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:

22

But every woman shall borrow of her neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians. the Egyptians: or, Egypt


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty (וְנָתַתִּי אֶת־חֵן הָעָם־הַזֶּה בְּעֵינֵי מִצְרָיִם וְהָיָה כִּי תֵלֵכוּן לֹא תֵלְכוּ רֵיקָם)—God promises favour (חֵן, chen, "grace/favor") in Egyptians' eyes. Ye shall not go empty (לֹא תֵלְכוּ רֵיקָם)—Israel will receive compensation for their labor. This anticipates 11:2-3 and 12:35-36 when Egyptians give Israel gold, silver, and clothing. This isn't theft but just recompense—wages for 400 years of slavery (cf. Deuteronomy 15:13-14 which requires sending freed slaves away with provision). God ensures His people leave enriched, not impoverished, and these spoils later fund the tabernacle (25:1-7, 35:4-9).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The 'plundering of Egypt' fulfilled Genesis 15:14 ('afterward shall they come out with great substance'). Archaeological evidence shows that slaves rarely possessed wealth; Israel's enrichment reversed their economic devastation. The gold and silver later used for tabernacle construction (Exodus 25-31, 35-40) came from these Egyptian gifts, showing God's providence—even pagan wealth serves His purposes when redirected to worship.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's provision of Egyptian wealth to Israel illustrate that He compensates His servants for faithful endurance through suffering?
  2. What does the subsequent use of Egyptian gold for the tabernacle teach about redeeming secular resources for sacred purposes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וְנָֽתַתִּ֛י1 of 13

And I will give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אֶת2 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

חֵ֥ן3 of 13

favour

H2580

graciousness, i.e., subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)

הָֽעָם4 of 13

this people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

הַזֶּ֖ה5 of 13
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

בְּעֵינֵ֣י6 of 13

in the sight

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

מִצְרָ֑יִם7 of 13

of the Egyptians

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

וְהָיָה֙8 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כִּ֣י9 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

תֵֽלֵכ֔וּן10 of 13
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

לֹ֥א11 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תֵֽלְכ֖וּ12 of 13
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

רֵיקָֽם׃13 of 13

empty

H7387

emptily; figuratively (objective) ineffectually, (subjective) undeservedly


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 3:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 3:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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