King James Version

What Does Exodus 3:20 Mean?

Exodus 3:20 in the King James Version says “And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.

Exodus 3:20 · KJV


Context

18

And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath met with us: and now let us go, we beseech thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.

19

And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by a mighty hand. no: or, but by strong hand

20

And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.

21

And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:

22

But every woman shall borrow of her neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians. the Egyptians: or, Egypt


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go (וְשָׁלַחְתִּי אֶת־יָדִי וְהִכֵּיתִי אֶת־מִצְרַיִם בְּכֹל נִפְלְאֹתַי אֲשֶׁר אֶעֱשֶׂה בְּקִרְבּוֹ וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן יְשַׁלַּח אֶתְכֶם)—God's strategy: overwhelming demonstrations of power. Stretch out my hand (שָׁלַחְתִּי אֶת־יָדִי)—anthropomorphic language for divine intervention. Smite Egypt with all my wonders (הִכֵּיתִי... בְּכֹל נִפְלְאֹתַי)—wonders (נִפְלְאֹת, nifla'ot) are the ten plagues, miraculous demonstrations of YHWH's supremacy over Egyptian gods. In the midst thereof (בְּקִרְבּוֹ)—the plagues will occur in Egypt's heartland, not peripheral regions. After that he will let you go—eventually Pharaoh surrenders, though reluctantly and temporarily (14:5-9). The plagues serve multiple purposes: judgment on Egypt, deliverance for Israel, revelation of YHWH's character.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The ten plagues systematically demonstrated YHWH's supremacy over Egypt's pantheon: Nile (Hapi), frogs (Heqet), sun (Ra), Pharaoh himself (considered divine). Each plague targeted specific Egyptian deities, showing their impotence. The escalation—from nuisance to economic devastation to death—gave Pharaoh repeated opportunities to relent. His hardening after each plague (Exodus 7-11) fulfilled this prophecy exactly.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do the promised 'wonders' demonstrate that God's judgments serve both punitive and revelatory purposes?
  2. What does the phrase 'after that he will let you go' teach about God's patience in giving oppressors opportunities to repent before final judgment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
יְשַׁלַּ֥ח1 of 15

And I will stretch out

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אֶת2 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יָדִי֙3 of 15

my hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

וְהִכֵּיתִ֣י4 of 15

and smite

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

אֶת5 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִצְרַ֔יִם6 of 15

Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

בְּכֹל֙7 of 15
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

נִפְלְאֹתַ֔י8 of 15

with all my wonders

H6381

properly, perhaps to separate, i.e., distinguish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to be (causatively, make) great, difficult, wonderful

אֲשֶׁ֥ר9 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֖ה10 of 15

which I will do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

בְּקִרְבּ֑וֹ11 of 15

in the midst

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)

וְאַֽחֲרֵי12 of 15

thereof and after

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

כֵ֖ן13 of 15
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

יְשַׁלַּ֥ח14 of 15

And I will stretch out

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אֶתְכֶֽם׃15 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 3:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 3:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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