King James Version

What Does Exodus 28:19 Mean?

Exodus 28:19 in the King James Version says “And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.

Exodus 28:19 · KJV


Context

17

And thou shalt set in it settings of stones, even four rows of stones: the first row shall be a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this shall be the first row. set: Heb. fill in it fillings of stone sardius: or, ruby

18

And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.

19

And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.

20

And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be set in gold in their inclosings. inclosings: Heb. fillings

21

And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve , according to their names, like the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The third row: ligure (possibly jacinth), agate, amethyst. Each stone's unique properties contribute to the whole. Amethyst's purple suggests royalty—we are a 'royal priesthood' (1 Peter 2:9). The varied stones show that God doesn't mass-produce believers but individually crafts each with unique beauty while maintaining collective glory. No two agates are identical, yet all are valuable—like believers in Christ's body.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Agate (שְׁבוֹ, shebo) displayed beautiful banded patterns, each stone uniquely marked. This mirrors how each believer bears unique marks of God's craftsmanship while sharing equal worth in His sight.

Reflection Questions

  1. How has God 'crafted' you uniquely rather than mass-producing generic believers?
  2. What does the royal stone (amethyst) teach about your identity in God's royal priesthood?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
וְהַטּ֖וּר1 of 5

row

H2905

a row; hence, a wall

הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י2 of 5

And the third

H7992

third; feminine a third (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story cell)

לֶ֥שֶׁם3 of 5

a ligure

H3958

a gem, perhaps the jacinth

שְׁב֖וֹ4 of 5

an agate

H7618

a gem (from its sparkle), probably the agate

וְאַחְלָֽמָה׃5 of 5

and an amethyst

H306

a gem, probably the amethyst


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 28:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 28:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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