King James Version

What Does Exodus 20:1 Mean?

Exodus 20:1 in the King James Version says “And God spake all these words, saying, — study this verse from Exodus chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And God spake all these words, saying,

Exodus 20:1 · KJV


Context

1

And God spake all these words, saying,

2

I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. bondage: Heb. servants

3

Thou shalt have no other gods before me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And God spake all these words, saying,

The simplicity is majestic—'God spake' (וַיְדַבֵּר אֱלֹהִים, vayedabber Elohim). Not Moses' interpretation, not human philosophy, but direct divine speech. The name 'Elohim' (God) emphasizes transcendent power—the Creator addresses His creatures. 'All these words' (כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה, kol hadevarim ha'eleh) refers to the Decalogue about to be spoken—the Ten Words (not 'commandments' in Hebrew). These words have unmediated authority; they come directly from God's mouth to Israel's ears. Jesus later declares not one 'jot or tittle' shall pass from the law (Matthew 5:18)—the precision of divine speech demands corresponding precision in human obedience.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Ten Commandments form the covenant core, the summary of God's moral will. Unlike the surrounding laws mediated through Moses, these words God spoke directly to all Israel—unique in biblical revelation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What is the significance of God speaking directly to all Israel rather than through Moses alone?
  2. How does knowing these are God's direct words (not human wisdom) affect their authority over your life?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר1 of 7

spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

אֱלֹהִ֔ים2 of 7

And God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

אֵ֛ת3 of 7
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל4 of 7
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַדְּבָרִ֥ים5 of 7

all these words

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הָאֵ֖לֶּה6 of 7
H428

these or those

לֵאמֹֽר׃7 of 7

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 20:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 20:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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