King James Version

What Does Exodus 19:10 Mean?

Exodus 19:10 in the King James Version says “And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothe... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,

Exodus 19:10 · KJV


Context

8

And all the people answered together, and said, All that the LORD hath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words of the people unto the LORD.

9

And the LORD said unto Moses, Lo, I come unto thee in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with thee, and believe thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people unto the LORD.

10

And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,

11

And be ready against the third day: for the third day the LORD will come down in the sight of all the people upon mount Sinai.

12

And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch the border of it: whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put to death:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,

Meeting God requires preparation—holiness isn't casual. 'Sanctify' (קִדַּשְׁתָּם, qiddashtam) means to set apart, consecrate, make holy. The two-day preparation period creates anticipation and underscores the gravity of divine encounter. Washing clothes (כִּבְּסוּ שִׂמְלֹתָם, kibbesu simlotam) symbolizes moral purity—external cleanliness representing internal consecration. The ritual speaks: you cannot approach God in your ordinary, defiled state. The New Testament echoes this: 'without holiness no one will see the Lord' (Hebrews 12:14). While Christ's blood sanctifies us positionally, progressive sanctification remains essential for deeper communion with God.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ritual washings were common in ancient Near Eastern religions, but Israel's washings pointed beyond ceremony to moral transformation. Archaeological evidence shows ancient Israelites used mikvehs (ritual baths) for ceremonial cleansing.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the two-day preparation period challenge modern assumptions about casual approaches to God?
  2. What does washing clothes symbolize about the nature of holiness required to meet with God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר1 of 12

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָ֤ה2 of 12

And the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֶל3 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מֹשֶׁה֙4 of 12

unto Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

לֵ֣ךְ5 of 12
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

אֶל6 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הָעָ֔ם7 of 12

unto the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

וְקִדַּשְׁתָּ֥ם8 of 12

and sanctify

H6942

to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)

הַיּ֖וֹם9 of 12

them to day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

וּמָחָ֑ר10 of 12

and to morrow

H4279

properly, deferred, i.e., the morrow; usually (adverbially) tomorrow; indefinitely, hereafter

וְכִבְּס֖וּ11 of 12

and let them wash

H3526

to trample; hence, to wash (properly, by stamping with the feet), whether literal (including the fulling process) or figurative

שִׂמְלֹתָֽם׃12 of 12

their clothes

H8071

a dress, especially a mantle


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 19:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 19:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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