King James Version

What Does Exodus 16:12 Mean?

Exodus 16:12 in the King James Version says “I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the m... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.

Exodus 16:12 · KJV


Context

10

And it came to pass, as Aaron spake unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.

11

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

12

I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.

13

And it came to pass, that at even the quails came up, and covered the camp: and in the morning the dew lay round about the host.

14

And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread—The specific timing reveals divine order: evening (beginning of Jewish day) brings flesh (quail), morning brings bread (manna). The flesh is temporary satisfaction ('ye shall eat'), but the bread brings fullness ('be filled'). This distinction foreshadows that meat represents earthly provision while manna typifies heavenly bread—Christ who truly satisfies (John 6:35). The phrase 'ye shall know that I am the LORD your God' makes provision revelatory: God's gifts teach His identity. Daily bread becomes theological education, training Israel to depend on invisible YHWH rather than visible Egypt.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Quail migrations still occur across the Sinai peninsula. God's supernatural providence used natural phenomena (quail) combined with supernatural timing and abundance.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the temporary satisfaction of quail versus the sustaining bread of manna picture earthly versus heavenly provision?
  2. What does 'knowing the LORD' through daily bread teach about sustaining versus temporary blessings?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי1 of 20

I have heard

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

אֶת2 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

תְּלוּנֹּת֮3 of 20

the murmurings

H8519

a grumbling

בְּנֵ֣י4 of 20

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵל֒5 of 20

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

דַּבֵּ֨ר6 of 20

speak

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

אֲלֵהֶ֜ם7 of 20
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

לֵאמֹ֗ר8 of 20

unto them saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

בֵּ֤ין9 of 20

At even

H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

הָֽעַרְבַּ֙יִם֙10 of 20
H6153

dusk

תֹּֽאכְל֣וּ11 of 20

ye shall eat

H398

to eat (literally or figuratively)

בָשָׂ֔ר12 of 20

flesh

H1320

flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man

וּבַבֹּ֖קֶר13 of 20

and in the morning

H1242

properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning

תִּשְׂבְּעוּ14 of 20

ye shall be filled

H7646

to sate, i.e., fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)

לָ֑חֶם15 of 20

with bread

H3899

food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)

וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם16 of 20

and ye shall know

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

כִּ֛י17 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אֲנִ֥י18 of 20
H589

i

יְהוָ֖ה19 of 20

that I am the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם׃20 of 20

your God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 16:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 16:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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