King James Version

What Does Exodus 12:37 Mean?

Exodus 12:37 in the King James Version says “And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside c... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.

Exodus 12:37 · KJV


Context

35

And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:

36

And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.

37

And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.

38

And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle. a mixed: Heb. a great mixture

39

And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The journey from Rameses to Succoth begins the exodus. 'Six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children' indicates approximately 2-3 million total people—a nation in motion. The specification 'men' (gever, גֶּבֶר—warriors, able-bodied men) shows Israel could field a substantial army. This fulfills God's promise that Abraham's descendants would be numerous (Genesis 15:5).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Rameses was likely a city in the Nile Delta where Israel labored. Succoth was the first camp outside Egypt proper. The massive number made this the ancient world's greatest migration.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's multiplication of Israel from 70 persons to 2-3 million demonstrate His faithfulness to covenant promises?
  2. What does the organization of this massive exodus teach about God's ability to orchestrate complex movements?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיִּסְע֧וּ1 of 12

journeyed

H5265

properly, to pull up, especially the tent-pins, i.e., start on a journey

בְנֵֽי2 of 12

And the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל3 of 12

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

מֵֽרַעְמְסֵ֖ס4 of 12

from Rameses

H7486

rameses or raamses, a place in egypt

סֻכֹּ֑תָה5 of 12

to Succoth

H5523

succoth, the name of a place in egypt and of three in palestine

כְּשֵׁשׁ6 of 12

about six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

מֵא֨וֹת7 of 12

hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

אֶ֧לֶף8 of 12

thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

רַגְלִ֛י9 of 12

on foot

H7273

a footman (soldier)

הַגְּבָרִ֖ים10 of 12

that were men

H1397

properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply

לְבַ֥ד11 of 12

beside

H905

properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with preposit

מִטָּֽף׃12 of 12

children

H2945

a family (mostly used collectively in the singular)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 12:37 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 12:37 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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