King James Version

What Does Ecclesiastes 3:2 Mean?

Ecclesiastes 3:2 in the King James Version says “A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted; to be: Heb. to bear — study this verse from Ecclesiastes chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted; to be: Heb. to bear

Ecclesiastes 3:2 · KJV


Context

1

To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven:

2

A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted; to be: Heb. to bear

3

A time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up;

4

A time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The first antithesis pairs life's ultimate boundaries—birth and death—with the agricultural cycle of planting and harvesting. The Hebrew construction uses infinitives ('to be born... to die') emphasizing activities rather than static states. Birth and death bracket every human existence, reminding us that we enter and exit life's stage at divinely appointed moments (Job 14:5). The agricultural imagery (plant/pluck up) metaphorically extends this principle: just as farmers must respect planting and harvest seasons, so human endeavors have proper timing that cannot be forced. This verse grounds the poem's abstract theology in concrete, relatable human experience.

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Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient agrarian Israel, planting and harvest cycles were existentially crucial—mistiming could mean starvation. The Gezer Calendar (10th century BC) documents Israel's agricultural seasons, showing how deeply seasonal rhythms shaped Israelite consciousness. Pairing biological life cycles with agricultural ones would resonate powerfully with Solomon's original audience. The New Testament echoes this imagery: Jesus compared His death to a grain of wheat falling into the ground (John 12:24), and Paul used planting/watering metaphors for ministry (1 Corinthians 3:6-7), demonstrating continuity with Ecclesiastes' seasonal theology.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does accepting that birth and death are appointed times affect your perspective on life's brevity and purpose?
  2. What 'planting' are you being called to do in this current season, trusting God for future harvest?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וְעֵ֖ת1 of 9

A time

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

לָלֶ֖דֶת2 of 9

to be born

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

וְעֵ֖ת3 of 9

A time

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

לָמ֑וּת4 of 9

to die

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

וְעֵ֖ת5 of 9

A time

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

נָטֽוּעַ׃6 of 9

that which is planted

H5193

properly, to strike in, i.e., fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)

וְעֵ֖ת7 of 9

A time

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

לַעֲק֥וֹר8 of 9

to pluck up

H6131

to pluck up (especially by the roots); specifically, to hamstring; figuratively, to exterminate

נָטֽוּעַ׃9 of 9

that which is planted

H5193

properly, to strike in, i.e., fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ecclesiastes. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ecclesiastes 3:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ecclesiastes 3:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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