King James Version

What Does Ecclesiastes 3:1 Mean?

Ecclesiastes 3:1 in the King James Version says “To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven: — study this verse from Ecclesiastes chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven:

Ecclesiastes 3:1 · KJV


Context

1

To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven:

2

A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted; to be: Heb. to bear

3

A time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This opening verse of the famous 'A Time for Everything' poem establishes God's sovereign ordering of human experience. The Hebrew word 'zeman' (season/appointed time) emphasizes divinely ordained timing, while 'chephets' (purpose) indicates intentional design. The Preacher affirms that all human activities fall under providential governance—nothing happens randomly 'under the heaven.' This verse introduces a profound theological balance: human life involves inevitable change and diverse experiences, yet these occur within God's purposeful framework, not chaotic chance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This passage likely dates to Solomon's later years (circa 935 BC) when reflection on life's rhythms would carry particular weight. Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature often categorized human experiences, but Ecclesiastes uniquely subordinates all temporal activities to divine sovereignty. The phrase 'under the heaven' (distinct from 'under the sun' used elsewhere in Ecclesiastes) suggests God's perspective encompassing all earthly existence. This poem became deeply embedded in Jewish wisdom tradition and was later set to music ('Turn! Turn! Turn!'), demonstrating its enduring recognition of life's universal patterns under God's governance.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does recognizing God's sovereignty over life's seasons help you navigate unexpected changes or transitions?
  2. In what ways do you struggle to accept that certain experiences have their appointed time rather than being under your complete control?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
לַכֹּ֖ל1 of 7
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

זְמָ֑ן2 of 7

To every thing there is a season

H2165

an appointed occasion

וְעֵ֥ת3 of 7

and a time

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

לְכָל4 of 7
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

חֵ֖פֶץ5 of 7

to every purpose

H2656

pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)

תַּ֥חַת6 of 7
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃7 of 7

under the heaven

H8064

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ecclesiastes. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ecclesiastes 3:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ecclesiastes 3:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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