King James Version

What Does Ecclesiastes 2:7 Mean?

Ecclesiastes 2:7 in the King James Version says “I got me servants and maidens, and had servants born in my house; also I had great possessions of great and small cattle... — study this verse from Ecclesiastes chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

I got me servants and maidens, and had servants born in my house; also I had great possessions of great and small cattle above all that were in Jerusalem before me: servants born: Heb. sons of my house

Ecclesiastes 2:7 · KJV


Context

5

I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits:

6

I made me pools of water, to water therewith the wood that bringeth forth trees:

7

I got me servants and maidens, and had servants born in my house; also I had great possessions of great and small cattle above all that were in Jerusalem before me: servants born: Heb. sons of my house

8

I gathered me also silver and gold, and the peculiar treasure of kings and of the provinces: I gat me men singers and women singers, and the delights of the sons of men, as musical instruments , and that of all sorts. musical: Heb. musical instrument and instruments

9

So I was great, and increased more than all that were before me in Jerusalem: also my wisdom remained with me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I got me servants and maidens, and had servants born in my house—the Hebrew 'avadim' (עֲבָדִים, servants) and 'shefachot' (שְׁפָחוֹת, maidens) describe a large household staff. The phrase 'servants born in my house' (bene bayit, בְּנֵי־בָיִת, literally 'sons of the house') refers to slaves born into household servitude, indicating multi-generational employment. This represented significant wealth and power—one's household size demonstrated social status.

Solomon then adds: I had great possessions of great and small cattle above all that were in Jerusalem before me. The Hebrew 'miqneh' (מִקְנֶה, cattle/livestock) includes both 'baqar' (בָּקָר, large cattle/oxen) and 'tso'n' (צֹאן, small cattle/sheep and goats). Surpassing 'all that were in Jerusalem before me' means exceeding even King David's substantial holdings. First Kings 4:22-23 records Solomon's daily provisions requiring vast herds. Yet despite commanding unprecedented human and animal resources, none of this produced lasting satisfaction. Jesus later warned: 'a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth' (Luke 12:15).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern monarchs measured greatness by household size and livestock holdings. Abraham's 318 trained servants (Genesis 14:14) demonstrated his wealth. Job's pre-trial prosperity included 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 yoke of oxen, and 500 female donkeys (Job 1:3). First Kings 4:26 records Solomon maintained 40,000 stalls for horses—though 1 Kings 10:26 gives 1,400 chariots and 12,000 horsemen, suggesting the 40,000 may be a textual variant or include trading stock. Regardless, Solomon's holdings vastly exceeded his contemporaries. Yet Deuteronomy 17:16-17 explicitly warned against kings multiplying horses, wives, and wealth—prohibitions Solomon violated, leading to spiritual compromise (1 Kings 11:1-13). Ecclesiastes reveals the futility of such accumulation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What possessions, positions, or people under your influence have you accumulated hoping they would provide significance or security?
  2. How does Solomon's verdict challenge the assumption that expanding your resources, influence, or household will bring fulfillment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
קָנִ֙יתִי֙1 of 18

I got

H7069

to erect, i.e., create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own

עֲבָדִ֣ים2 of 18

me servants

H5650

a servant

וּשְׁפָח֔וֹת3 of 18

and maidens

H8198

a female slave (as a member of the household)

וּבְנֵי4 of 18

and had servants born

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

בַ֖יִת5 of 18

in my house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

הָ֣יָה6 of 18
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לִ֑י7 of 18
H0
גַּ֣ם8 of 18
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

מִקְנֶה֩9 of 18

possessions

H4735

something bought, i.e., property, but only live stock; abstractly, acquisition

בָקָ֨ר10 of 18

of great

H1241

a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd

וָצֹ֤אן11 of 18

and small cattle

H6629

a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)

הַרְבֵּה֙12 of 18

also I had great

H7235

to increase (in whatever respect)

הָ֣יָה13 of 18
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לִ֔י14 of 18
H0
מִכֹּ֛ל15 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

שֶֽׁהָי֥וּ16 of 18
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לְפָנַ֖י17 of 18

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃18 of 18

above all that were in Jerusalem

H3389

jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ecclesiastes. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ecclesiastes 2:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ecclesiastes 2:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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