King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 31:23 Mean?

Deuteronomy 31:23 in the King James Version says “And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be with thee.

Deuteronomy 31:23 · KJV


Context

21

And it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are befallen them, that this song shall testify against them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed: for I know their imagination which they go about, even now, before I have brought them into the land which I sware. against: Heb. before go: Heb. do

22

Moses therefore wrote this song the same day, and taught it the children of Israel.

23

And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be with thee.

24

And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished,

25

That Moses commanded the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the LORD, saying,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage—Moses's commissioning echoed God's earlier words (31:7-8), now delivered personally. The Hebrew chazaq ve-ematz (חֲזַק וֶאֱמָץ) means 'be strong and resolute/steadfast.' For thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be with thee—the promise of divine presence accompanied the daunting commission. Joshua would succeed not through personal capability but God's enabling presence.

This charge established a pattern repeated throughout Scripture: God assigns humanly impossible tasks accompanied by promise of His presence. The combination of command (be strong) and promise (I will be with you) appears with Moses (Exodus 3:12), Joshua repeatedly (Joshua 1:5-9), Gideon (Judges 6:12-16), and ultimately with the Great Commission: 'Go... and surely I am with you always' (Matthew 28:19-20). Human strength alone fails; divine presence makes success certain despite overwhelming odds.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Delivered circa 1406 BC in Moses's final month. Joshua had waited forty years for this moment—since spying out Canaan as a young man alongside Caleb (Numbers 13-14). Only he and Caleb from their generation would enter the Promised Land. Joshua faced enormous challenges: conquering fortified cities, leading a new generation, maintaining covenant faithfulness. Yet God's presence assured success. Joshua's subsequent career vindicated this promise: he conquered Canaan, divided the land, and served faithfully until his death (Joshua 24).

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does God's commission to difficult tasks always include promise of His presence? What does this reveal?
  2. How does 'be strong' differ from self-reliant confidence versus God-dependent courage?
  3. What impossible tasks has God assigned you, and how does His promised presence empower obedience?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 22 words
וַיְצַ֞ו1 of 22

a charge

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

אֶת2 of 22
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ3 of 22

And he gave Joshua

H3091

jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader

בְּנֵ֣י4 of 22

the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

נ֗וּן5 of 22

of Nun

H5126

nun or non, the father of joshua

וַיֹּאמֶר֮6 of 22

and said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

חֲזַ֣ק7 of 22

Be strong

H2388

to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra

וֶֽאֱמָץ֒8 of 22

and of a good courage

H553

to be alert, physically (on foot) or mentally (in courage)

כִּ֣י9 of 22
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אַתָּ֗ה10 of 22
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

תָּבִיא֙11 of 22

for thou shalt bring

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶת12 of 22
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּנֵ֣י13 of 22

the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל14 of 22

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אֶל15 of 22
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הָאָ֖רֶץ16 of 22

into the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

אֲשֶׁר17 of 22
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי18 of 22

which I sware

H7650

to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)

לָהֶ֑ם19 of 22
H0
וְאָֽנֹכִ֖י20 of 22
H595

i

אֶֽהְיֶ֥ה21 of 22
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

עִמָּֽךְ׃22 of 22
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 31:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 31:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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