King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 27:20 Mean?

Deuteronomy 27:20 in the King James Version says “Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife; because he uncovereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, ... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife; because he uncovereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen.

Deuteronomy 27:20 · KJV


Context

18

Cursed be he that maketh the blind to wander out of the way. And all the people shall say, Amen.

19

Cursed be he that perverteth the judgment of the stranger, fatherless, and widow. And all the people shall say, Amen.

20

Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife; because he uncovereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen.

21

Cursed be he that lieth with any manner of beast. And all the people shall say, Amen.

22

Cursed be he that lieth with his sister, the daughter of his father, or the daughter of his mother. And all the people shall say, Amen.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife—This curse prohibits incest specifically with a stepmother, described euphemistically as he uncovereth his father's skirt (גִּלָּה כְנַף אָבִיו). The "skirt" or "wing" (kanaf) represents covering, protection, and marital authority (Ruth 3:9, Ezekiel 16:8). To uncover the father's skirt violates paternal honor and household boundaries.

Leviticus 18:8 and 20:11 explicitly prohibit this, prescribing the death penalty for both parties. This wasn't theoretical—Reuben committed this sin with Bilhah (Genesis 35:22, 49:4), losing his birthright. Paul confronted a case in Corinth (1 Corinthians 5:1-5), expressing shock that the church tolerated "such fornication as is not so much as named among the Gentiles."

Sexual ethics ground covenant community health. The curses in verses 20-23 address various incestuous and bestiality sins, emphasizing that Israel's sexual standards must differ radically from Canaanite practices (Leviticus 18:24-30). Sexual purity isn't prudishness but covenant faithfulness reflecting God's holiness.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Canaanite religion incorporated ritual prostitution and fertility cults that blurred sexual boundaries. Ancient Near Eastern law codes (Hittite, Assyrian) addressed incest but often with surprising leniency compared to Israel's absolute prohibitions. Israel's strict sexual ethics testified to YHWH's moral character and created a distinct covenant community. The New Testament maintains these standards (1 Corinthians 5-6, Ephesians 5:3-5, Hebrews 13:4).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does contemporary culture's sexual confusion parallel Canaanite boundary-breaking that these curses addressed?
  2. What does God's intense concern with sexual holiness throughout Scripture reveal about the connection between sexuality and covenant faithfulness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
אָר֗וּר1 of 13

Cursed

H779

to execrate

שֹׁכֵב֙2 of 13

be he that lieth

H7901

to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)

עִם3 of 13
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

אֵ֣שֶׁת4 of 13

wife

H802

a woman

אָבִ֑יו5 of 13

his father's

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

כִּ֥י6 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

גִלָּ֖ה7 of 13

because he uncovereth

H1540

to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal

כְּנַ֣ף8 of 13

skirt

H3671

an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna

אָבִ֑יו9 of 13

his father's

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

וְאָמַ֥ר10 of 13

shall say

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

כָּל11 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָעָ֖ם12 of 13

And all the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

אָמֵֽן׃13 of 13

Amen

H543

sure; abstract, faithfulness; adverb, truly


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 27:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 27:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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