King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 22:30 Mean?

Deuteronomy 22:30 in the King James Version says “A man shall not take his father's wife, nor discover his father's skirt. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

A man shall not take his father's wife, nor discover his father's skirt.

Deuteronomy 22:30 · KJV


Context

28

If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;

29

Then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty shekels of silver, and she shall be his wife; because he hath humbled her, he may not put her away all his days.

30

A man shall not take his father's wife, nor discover his father's skirt.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
A man shall not take his father's wife—prohibiting marriage to one's stepmother, an act constituting both sexual immorality and dishonoring one's father. Nor discover his father's skirt (גַּלָּה כְּנַף אָבִיו, galah kenaf aviv)—literally 'uncover his father's wing/corner.' The idiom 'covering with the skirt' denoted taking someone in marriage (Ruth 3:9, Ezekiel 16:8), so 'uncovering' represented violating the father's marital rights.

This law appears in Leviticus 18:8 and 20:11 with more explicit penalties (death for both parties). Its placement here concludes chapter 22's sexual prohibitions, transitioning from pre-marital violations to forbidden relationships. Paul applied this principle in 1 Corinthians 5:1-5, commanding the Corinthian church to discipline a man living with his stepmother—'a kind of immorality that does not occur even among pagans.'

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Historical & Cultural Context

Written circa 1406 BC as part of Moses's covenant renewal before entering Canaan. The Canaanite cultures Israel would encounter practiced various forms of incest and sexual perversion in their fertility religions. This law reinforced boundaries already established at Sinai, protecting family integrity and distinguishing Israel's sexual ethics from surrounding nations. Reuben's sin with Bilhah (Genesis 35:22) exemplified this violation, costing him his birthright.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does God link sexual purity with honoring parents and family structure?
  2. How does Paul's response in 1 Corinthians 5 inform the church's responsibility to maintain sexual ethics?
  3. What modern sexual ideologies undermine the biblical protection of family boundaries?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
לֹֽא1 of 10
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִקַּ֥ח2 of 10

shall not take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

אִ֖ישׁ3 of 10

A man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֶת4 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֵ֣שֶׁת5 of 10

wife

H802

a woman

אָבִֽיו׃6 of 10

his father's

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

וְלֹ֥א7 of 10
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְגַלֶּ֖ה8 of 10

nor discover

H1540

to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal

כְּנַ֥ף9 of 10

skirt

H3671

an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna

אָבִֽיו׃10 of 10

his father's

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 22:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 22:30 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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