King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 25:12 Mean?

Deuteronomy 25:12 in the King James Version says “Then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her.

Deuteronomy 25:12 · KJV


Context

10

And his name shall be called in Israel, The house of him that hath his shoe loosed.

11

When men strive together one with another , and the wife of the one draweth near for to deliver her husband out of the hand of him that smiteth him, and putteth forth her hand, and taketh him by the secrets:

12

Then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her.

13

Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights , a great and a small. divers: Heb. a stone and a stone

14

Thou shalt not have in thine house divers measures , a great and a small. divers: Heb. an ephah and an ephah


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her—the penalty seems harsh, leading some scholars to suggest this is the only biblical amputation law applied literally, while others argue for symbolic interpretation or monetary compensation (as with eye-for-eye laws). The Hebrew qatsotah et-kapah (וְקַצֹּתָה אֶת־כַּפָּהּ) literally means 'you shall cut off her palm/hand.' Thine eye shall not pity emphasized the law's strict enforcement without emotional mitigation.

If literal, the amputation matched the nature of the crime—the offending hand paid the penalty. The severity protected men's procreative capacity and family dignity. However, the penalty's uniqueness in biblical law (no other amputation for women appears) and the lex talionis principle elsewhere allowing financial restitution (Exodus 21:26-27) suggests judges may have had discretion. Regardless, the law clearly marked genital assault as extraordinarily serious, beyond typical fight injuries.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Established circa 1406 BC as Israel's civil code before entering Canaan. While other ancient Near Eastern law codes (Hammurabi, Middle Assyrian Laws) prescribed amputation for various offenses, Mosaic law generally preferred restitution over mutilation. The singularity of this penalty highlights the perceived severity—attacks threatening procreation struck at covenant community continuity. Whether literally enforced or not, the law's existence deterred the action and communicated unambiguous divine judgment against it.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we interpret harsh Old Testament penalties in light of New Testament grace and mercy?
  2. What does this law reveal about God's protection of family, procreation, and human dignity?
  3. How should Christians think about proportional justice and punishment for serious offenses?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
וְקַצֹּתָ֖ה1 of 6

Then thou shalt cut off

H7112

to chop off (literally or figuratively)

אֶת2 of 6
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כַּפָּ֑הּ3 of 6

her hand

H3709

the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-

לֹ֥א4 of 6
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תָח֖וֹס5 of 6

shall not pity

H2347

properly, to cover, i.e., (figuratively) to compassionate

עֵינֶֽךָ׃6 of 6

thine eye

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 25:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 25:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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