King James Version

What Does Acts 27:4 Mean?

Acts 27:4 in the King James Version says “And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary. — study this verse from Acts chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.

Acts 27:4 · KJV


Context

2

And entering into a ship of Adramyttium, we launched, meaning to sail by the coasts of Asia; one Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us.

3

And the next day we touched at Sidon. And Julius courteously entreated Paul, and gave him liberty to go unto his friends to refresh himself .

4

And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.

5

And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.

6

And there the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing into Italy; and he put us therein .


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary. The phrase hypepelausamen (ὑπεπλεύσαμεν, "sailed under") means navigating Cyprus's leeward (east/south) side for protection from prevailing westerly winds. The winds were contrary (tous anemous enanious, τοὺς ἀνέμους ἐναντίους)—literally "opposing winds"—forced the longer, sheltered route rather than direct westward course. Ancient ships with square-rigged sails couldn't sail into wind, requiring favorable conditions or coastal tacking.

This detail introduces the chapter's dominant theme: creation's forces obeying and opposing divine purposes. The "contrary winds" foreshadow the coming storm yet ultimately serve God's plan—the shipwreck at Malta enables ministry there (Acts 28:1-10). Reformed theology sees providence in natural events: wind, waves, and weather aren't impersonal forces but instruments of God's will, both testing faith and accomplishing purposes. Paul's earlier vision assured Roman arrival (Acts 23:11); these obstacles couldn't thwart God's decree.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Cyprus lay roughly 60 miles off the Phoenician coast. Ships typically sailed Cyprus's south side with favorable summer winds. Late-season departure (this was approaching winter, v. 9) meant unpredictable weather. The westerly Mediterranean winds (Etesian winds) blow May-September; their continuation into autumn indicated dangerous conditions ahead. Ancient navigation lacked instruments—sailors read stars, coastlines, and wind patterns.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do "contrary winds" in your life potentially serve God's larger purposes even while frustrating immediate plans?
  2. What does the sailors' adaptation to adverse conditions teach about faithful persistence amid obstacles?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 11 words
κἀκεῖθεν1 of 11

And

G2547

likewise from that place (or time)

ἀναχθέντες2 of 11

when we had launched

G321

to lead up; by extension to bring out; specially, to sail away

ὑπεπλεύσαμεν3 of 11

we sailed under

G5284

to sail under the lee of

τὴν4 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Κύπρον5 of 11

Cyprus

G2954

cyprus, an island in the mediterranean

διὰ6 of 11

because

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τὸ7 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τοὺς8 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀνέμους9 of 11

the winds

G417

wind; (plural) by implication, (the four) quarters (of the earth)

εἶναι10 of 11

were

G1511

to exist

ἐναντίους11 of 11

contrary

G1727

opposite; figuratively, antagonistic


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 27:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 27:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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