King James Version

What Does Acts 23:8 Mean?

Acts 23:8 in the King James Version says “For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both. — study this verse from Acts chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.

Acts 23:8 · KJV


Context

6

But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.

7

And when he had so said, there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and the Sadducees: and the multitude was divided.

8

For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.

9

And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees' part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but if a spirit or an angel hath spoken to him, let us not fight against God.

10

And when there arose a great dissension, the chief captain, fearing lest Paul should have been pulled in pieces of them, commanded the soldiers to go down, and to take him by force from among them, and to bring him into the castle.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit—Luke summarizes the rationalistic theology of the Sadducean party, who accepted only the Pentateuch and rejected oral tradition. Denying resurrection (ἀνάστασις, anastasis), angels (ἄγγελος, aggelos), and spirits (πνεῦμα, pneuma) represented materialistic worldview limiting reality to the physical realm. This made them theological liberals of their day.

But the Pharisees confess both (ὁμολογέω, homologeo, to acknowledge/confess)—The Pharisees affirmed supernatural realities, oral law, and future resurrection. Paul strategically identified with Pharisaic theology (v. 6), splitting the Sanhedrin. While using political wisdom, Paul genuinely believed in resurrection—the risen Christ was his life's foundation. This theological division reflects ongoing tension between naturalistic and supernatural worldviews in interpreting Scripture.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Sadducees, primarily aristocratic priests, controlled the temple and collaborated with Rome. Pharisees, the popular party, emphasized Torah study and synagogue life. Their theological disputes were well-known. By Paul's era, Sadducean power was waning; after AD 70 temple destruction, only Pharisaic Judaism survived, evolving into Rabbinic Judaism.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do denials of supernatural reality (resurrection, angels, spiritual realm) undermine biblical faith's foundations?
  2. What modern theological divisions parallel the Sadducee-Pharisee split between naturalism and supernaturalism?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
Σαδδουκαῖοι1 of 16

the Sadducees

G4523

a sadducaean (i.e., tsadokian), or follower of a certain heretical israelite

μὲν2 of 16
G3303

properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)

γὰρ3 of 16

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

λέγουσιν4 of 16

say

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

μὴ5 of 16

no

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

εἶναι6 of 16

that there is

G1511

to exist

ἀνάστασιν7 of 16

resurrection

G386

a standing up again, i.e., (literally) a resurrection from death (individual, genitive case or by implication, (its author)), or (figuratively) a (mor

μηδὲ8 of 16

neither

G3366

but not, not even; in a continued negation, nor

ἄγγελον9 of 16

angel

G32

compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor

μήτε10 of 16

nor

G3383

not too, i.e., (in continued negation) neither or nor; also, not even

πνεῦμα11 of 16

spirit

G4151

a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

Φαρισαῖοι12 of 16

the Pharisees

G5330

a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary

δὲ13 of 16

but

G1161

but, and, etc

ὁμολογοῦσιν14 of 16

confess

G3670

to assent, i.e., covenant, acknowledge

τὰ15 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀμφότερα16 of 16

both

G297

(in plural) both


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 23:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 23:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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