King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 5:22 Mean?

2 Samuel 5:22 in the King James Version says “And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim. — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.

2 Samuel 5:22 · KJV


Context

20

And David came to Baalperazim, and David smote them there, and said, The LORD hath broken forth upon mine enemies before me, as the breach of waters. Therefore he called the name of that place Baalperazim. Baalperazim: that is, the plain of breaches

21

And there they left their images, and David and his men burned them. burned: or, took them away

22

And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.

23

And when David enquired of the LORD, he said, Thou shalt not go up; but fetch a compass behind them, and come upon them over against the mulberry trees.

24

And let it be, when thou hearest the sound of a going in the tops of the mulberry trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself: for then shall the LORD go out before thee, to smite the host of the Philistines.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David Becomes King of Israel, emphasizing God establishing His chosen king. David's anointing as king over all Israel fulfills promises made years earlier (1 Samuel 16:13). The conquest of Jerusalem and establishment of it as capital demonstrates God's blessing. Military victories over Philistines show divine enablement. Theological themes include God's faithfulness to promises, the importance of proper locations for worship, and divine empowerment for tasks God assigns.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 5 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding God establishing His chosen king provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of God establishing His chosen king?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וַיֹּסִ֥פוּ1 of 7

yet again

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

ע֛וֹד2 of 7
H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more

פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים3 of 7

And the Philistines

H6430

a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth

לַֽעֲל֑וֹת4 of 7

came up

H5927

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

וַיִּנָּֽטְשׁ֖וּ5 of 7

and spread

H5203

properly, to pound, i.e., smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to disperse; also, to thrust off, down, out or upon (inclusive

בְּעֵ֥מֶק6 of 7

themselves in the valley

H6010

a vale (i.e., broad depression)

רְפָאִֽים׃7 of 7

of Rephaim

H7497

a giant


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 5:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 5:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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