King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 22:5 Mean?

2 Samuel 22:5 in the King James Version says “When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid; waves: or, pangs ungodly: Heb. Belial — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid; waves: or, pangs ungodly: Heb. Belial

2 Samuel 22:5 · KJV


Context

3

The God of my rock; in him will I trust: he is my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge, my saviour; thou savest me from violence.

4

I will call on the LORD, who is worthy to be praised: so shall I be saved from mine enemies.

5

When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid; waves: or, pangs ungodly: Heb. Belial

6

The sorrows of hell compassed me about; the snares of death prevented me; sorrows: or, cords

7

In my distress I called upon the LORD, and cried to my God: and he did hear my voice out of his temple, and my cry did enter into his ears.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid;

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Song, emphasizing praising God for deliverance. David's psalm of deliverance (parallel to Psalm 18) celebrates God's faithfulness throughout his tumultuous reign. The Hebrew poetry employs vivid imagery of divine intervention, warrior language, and covenant terminology. Theological themes include praising God for deliverance, reviewing God's faithfulness in retrospect, the righteousness of God's judgments, and anticipation of ultimate victory through God's anointed (messianic overtones).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 22 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding praising God for deliverance provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of praising God for deliverance?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
כִּ֥י1 of 7
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אֲפָפֻ֖נִי2 of 7

compassed

H661

to surround

מִשְׁבְּרֵי3 of 7

When the waves

H4867

a breaker (of the sea)

מָ֑וֶת4 of 7

of death

H4194

death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin

נַֽחֲלֵ֥י5 of 7

me the floods

H5158

a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)

בְלִיַּ֖עַל6 of 7

of ungodly men

H1100

without profit, worthlessness; by extension, destruction, wickedness

יְבַֽעֲתֻֽנִי׃7 of 7

made me afraid

H1204

to fear


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 22:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 22:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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