King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 14:31 Mean?

2 Samuel 14:31 in the King James Version says “Then Joab arose, and came to Absalom unto his house, and said unto him, Wherefore have thy servants set my field on fire... — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then Joab arose, and came to Absalom unto his house, and said unto him, Wherefore have thy servants set my field on fire?

2 Samuel 14:31 · KJV


Context

29

Therefore Absalom sent for Joab, to have sent him to the king; but he would not come to him: and when he sent again the second time, he would not come.

30

Therefore he said unto his servants, See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire. And Absalom's servants set the field on fire. near: Heb. near my place

31

Then Joab arose, and came to Absalom unto his house, and said unto him, Wherefore have thy servants set my field on fire?

32

And Absalom answered Joab, Behold, I sent unto thee, saying, Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say, Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it had been good for me to have been there still: now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be any iniquity in me, let him kill me.

33

So Joab came to the king, and told him: and when he had called for Absalom, he came to the king, and bowed himself on his face to the ground before the king: and the king kissed Absalom.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then Joab arose, and came to Absalom unto his house, and said unto him, Wherefore have thy servants set my field on fire?

This verse contributes to the narrative of Absalom's Return, emphasizing incomplete reconciliation. Joab's elaborate scheme to restore Absalom demonstrates human wisdom that undermines divine purposes. The partial reconciliation (Absalom returns but doesn't see David's face) proves insufficient for genuine restoration. Theological themes include the inadequacy of human reconciliation methods apart from genuine repentance, the danger of manipulation even for apparently good ends, and the necessity of complete rather than partial restoration.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 14 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding incomplete reconciliation provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of incomplete reconciliation?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וַיָּ֣קָם1 of 16

arose

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

יוֹאָ֔ב2 of 16

Then Joab

H3097

joab, the name of three israelites

וַיָּבֹ֥א3 of 16

and came

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל4 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם5 of 16

to Absalom

H53

abshalom, a son of david; also (the fuller form) a later israelite

הַבָּ֑יְתָה6 of 16

unto his house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר7 of 16

and said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֵלָ֔יו8 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

לָ֣מָּה9 of 16
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

הִצִּ֧יתוּ10 of 16

set

H3341

to burn or set on fire; figuratively, to desolate

עֲבָדֶ֛יךָ11 of 16

unto him Wherefore have thy servants

H5650

a servant

אֶת12 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַחֶלְקָ֥ה13 of 16

my field

H2513

properly, smoothness; figuratively, flattery

אֲשֶׁר14 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לִ֖י15 of 16
H0
בָּאֵֽשׁ׃16 of 16

on fire

H784

fire (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 14:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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