King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 11:19 Mean?

2 Samuel 11:19 in the King James Version says “And charged the messenger, saying, When thou hast made an end of telling the matters of the war unto the king, — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And charged the messenger, saying, When thou hast made an end of telling the matters of the war unto the king,

2 Samuel 11:19 · KJV


Context

17

And the men of the city went out, and fought with Joab: and there fell some of the people of the servants of David; and Uriah the Hittite died also.

18

Then Joab sent and told David all the things concerning the war;

19

And charged the messenger, saying, When thou hast made an end of telling the matters of the war unto the king,

20

And if so be that the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee, Wherefore approached ye so nigh unto the city when ye did fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?

21

Who smote Abimelech the son of Jerubbesheth? did not a woman cast a piece of a millstone upon him from the wall, that he died in Thebez? why went ye nigh the wall? then say thou, Thy servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And charged the messenger, saying, When thou hast made an end of telling the matters of the war unto the king,

This verse contributes to the narrative of David and Bathsheba, emphasizing devastating consequences of sin. David's adultery with Bathsheba and murder of Uriah represent the nadir of his reign. The Hebrew narrative's sparse, matter-of-fact reporting heightens the horror. The phrase "but the thing that David had done displeased the LORD" (v. 27) marks divine displeasure. This chapter demonstrates that even "a man after God's own heart" can fall catastrophically when neglecting spiritual disciplines and succumbing to temptation. Cross-references to Psalm 51 reveal David's repentance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 11 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding devastating consequences of sin provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of devastating consequences of sin?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיְצַ֥ו1 of 12

And charged

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

אֶת2 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמַּלְאָ֖ךְ3 of 12

the messenger

H4397

a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)

לֵאמֹ֑ר4 of 12

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

כְּכַלּֽוֹתְךָ֗5 of 12

When thou hast made an end

H3615

to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)

אֵ֛ת6 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל7 of 12
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

דִּבְרֵ֥י8 of 12

the matters

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה9 of 12

of the war

H4421

a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)

לְדַבֵּ֥ר10 of 12

of telling

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

אֶל11 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃12 of 12

unto the king

H4428

a king


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 11:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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