King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 30:18 Mean?

1 Samuel 30:18 in the King James Version says “And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 30 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives.

1 Samuel 30:18 · KJV


Context

16

And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.

17

And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them, save four hundred young men, which rode upon camels, and fled. the next: Heb. their morrow

18

And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives.

19

And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them: David recovered all.

20

And David took all the flocks and the herds, which they drave before those other cattle, and said, This is David's spoil.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The brief statement 'David recovered all' fulfills the divine promise exactly. The specific mention that 'David rescued his two wives' personalizes the victory. The Hebrew 'wayyatsel' (delivered, rescued) uses the same verb God employed in His promise. What David received through inquiry of the LORD, he now sees accomplished through military action. The correspondence between promise and fulfillment demonstrates the reliability of divine guidance.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The complete recovery without a single loss contradicted normal expectations for captive rescue. Ancient raids typically resulted in death, dispersion, or sale of captives before rescue was possible.

Reflection Questions

  1. How have God's specific promises been fulfilled in your experience?
  2. What does complete recovery, against all odds, reveal about God's power to restore?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
הִצִּ֥יל1 of 12

recovered

H5337

to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense

דָּוִֽד׃2 of 12

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

אֵ֛ת3 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל4 of 12
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁ֥ר5 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לָֽקְח֖וּ6 of 12

had carried away

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

עֲמָלֵ֑ק7 of 12

all that the Amalekites

H6002

amalek, a descendant of esau; also his posterity and their country

וְאֶת8 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שְׁתֵּ֥י9 of 12

his two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

נָשָׁ֖יו10 of 12

wives

H802

a woman

הִצִּ֥יל11 of 12

recovered

H5337

to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense

דָּוִֽד׃12 of 12

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 30:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 30:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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