King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 29:8 Mean?

And David said unto Achish, But what have I done? and what hast thou found in thy servant so long as I have been with thee unto this day, that I may not go fight against the enemies of my lord the king? with: Heb. before thee

1 Samuel 29:8 · KJV


Context

6

Then Achish called David, and said unto him, Surely, as the LORD liveth, thou hast been upright, and thy going out and thy coming in with me in the host is good in my sight: for I have not found evil in thee since the day of thy coming unto me unto this day: nevertheless the lords favour thee not. the lords: Heb. thou art not good in the eyes of the lords

7

Wherefore now return, and go in peace, that thou displease not the lords of the Philistines. displease: Heb. do not evil in the eyes of the lords

8

And David said unto Achish, But what have I done? and what hast thou found in thy servant so long as I have been with thee unto this day, that I may not go fight against the enemies of my lord the king? with: Heb. before thee

9

And Achish answered and said to David, I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God: notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said, He shall not go up with us to the battle.

10

Wherefore now rise up early in the morning with thy master's servants that are come with thee: and as soon as ye be up early in the morning, and have light, depart.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
David's protest, 'But what have I done?', maintains his deceptive persona while potentially revealing genuine frustration at the ambiguous resolution. His question could be honest indignation at unjust suspicion or strategic performance maintaining his cover with Achish. The ambiguous phrase 'the enemies of my lord the king' could refer to either Achish's enemies (Israel) or Saul's enemies (the Philistines), preserving David's double identity. This final act of diplomatic theater protects David's position regardless of battle outcomes.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

David's protest maintained his cover and preserved his honor in Achish's eyes. Whether sincere or strategic (or both), it ensured his Philistine relationships remained intact for potential future need.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you navigate situations where your true feelings must remain hidden?
  2. What does David's response suggest about the complexity of operating in compromised positions?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 24 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר1 of 24

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

דָּוִ֜ד2 of 24

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

אֶל3 of 24
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אָכִ֗ישׁ4 of 24

unto Achish

H397

akish, a philistine king

כִּ֣י5 of 24
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

מֶ֤ה6 of 24
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙7 of 24

But what have I done

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

וּמַה8 of 24
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

מָּצָ֣אתָ9 of 24

and what hast thou found

H4672

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

בְעַבְדְּךָ֔10 of 24

in thy servant

H5650

a servant

הַיּ֣וֹם11 of 24

so long as

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

אֲשֶׁ֣ר12 of 24
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

הָיִ֣יתִי13 of 24
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לְפָנֶ֔יךָ14 of 24

I have been with thee

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

עַ֖ד15 of 24
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

הַיּ֣וֹם16 of 24

so long as

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

הַזֶּ֑ה17 of 24
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

כִּ֣י18 of 24
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לֹ֤א19 of 24
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

אָבוֹא֙20 of 24

that I may not go

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

וְנִלְחַ֔מְתִּי21 of 24

fight

H3898

to feed on; figuratively, to consume

בְּאֹֽיְבֵ֖י22 of 24

against the enemies

H341

hating; an adversary

אֲדֹנִ֥י23 of 24

of my lord

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃24 of 24

the king

H4428

a king


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 29:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 29:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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