King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 2:34 Mean?

1 Samuel 2:34 in the King James Version says “And this shall be a sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas; in one day they shall die... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And this shall be a sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas; in one day they shall die both of them.

1 Samuel 2:34 · KJV


Context

32

And thou shalt see an enemy in my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall give Israel: and there shall not be an old man in thine house for ever. an enemy: or, the affliction of the tabernacle, for all the wealth which God would have given Israel

33

And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age. in the flower: Heb. men

34

And this shall be a sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas; in one day they shall die both of them.

35

And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in mine heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever.

36

And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left in thine house shall come and crouch to him for a piece of silver and a morsel of bread, and shall say, Put me, I pray thee, into one of the priests' offices, that I may eat a piece of bread. Put: Heb. Join one of: or, somewhat about the priesthood


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
A confirming sign seals the prophecy: Hophni and Phinehas will die on the same day. This near-term fulfillment validates the entire prophetic message. When the sign comes true (chapter 4), Eli can know the extended prophecy will also be fulfilled. The doubling of death - both sons together - emphasizes divine judgment rather than coincidence. Signs in prophetic literature serve to authenticate the prophet's message and call the hearers to response. Eli's response will determine his personal standing before God.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Prophetic signs often involved near-term fulfillments that confirmed longer-term prophecies. Isaiah offered Ahaz a similar confirming sign (Isaiah 7:14). The literary pattern of announcing judgment with immediate verification appears throughout prophetic literature.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you respond when God confirms His word through fulfilled prophecy?
  2. What near-term signs might God be using to call attention to larger messages?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וְזֶה1 of 15
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

לְּךָ֣2 of 15
H0
הָא֗וֹת3 of 15

And this shall be a sign

H226

a signal (literally or figuratively), as a flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc

אֲשֶׁ֤ר4 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יָבֹא֙5 of 15

unto thee that shall come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל6 of 15
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃7 of 15

both

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

בָנֶ֔יךָ8 of 15

sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אֶל9 of 15
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

חָפְנִ֖י10 of 15

on Hophni

H2652

chophni, an israelite

וּפִֽינְחָ֑ס11 of 15

and Phinehas

H6372

pinechas, the name of three israelites

בְּי֥וֹם12 of 15

day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

אֶחָ֖ד13 of 15

in one

H259

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

יָמ֥וּתוּ14 of 15

they shall die

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃15 of 15

both

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 2:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 2:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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