King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 19:9 Mean?

1 Samuel 19:9 in the King James Version says “And the evil spirit from the LORD was upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his javelin in his hand: and David played w... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the evil spirit from the LORD was upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his javelin in his hand: and David played with his hand.

1 Samuel 19:9 · KJV


Context

7

And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan shewed him all those things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as in times past . in times: Heb. yesterday, third day

8

And there was war again: and David went out, and fought with the Philistines, and slew them with a great slaughter; and they fled from him. him: Heb. his face

9

And the evil spirit from the LORD was upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his javelin in his hand: and David played with his hand.

10

And Saul sought to smite David even to the wall with the javelin; but he slipped away out of Saul's presence, and he smote the javelin into the wall: and David fled, and escaped that night.

11

Saul also sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning: and Michal David's wife told him, saying, If thou save not thy life to night, to morrow thou shalt be slain.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the evil spirit from the LORD was upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his javelin in his hand: and David played with his hand.

The evil spirit's return during David's music ministry parallels 16:23, showing Saul's unchanged condition. The detail that Saul 'sat in his house with his javelin in his hand' combines domesticity with menace. Even as David faithfully served, Saul clutched his weapon of murder. The contrast between David's ministry posture and Saul's violent readiness illustrates service amidst danger.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Royal javelins served both as weapons and symbols of authority. Saul's constant possession of the javelin suggests both paranoid readiness and status assertion. David's continued service despite previous attacks shows remarkable commitment.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you continue ministry when those you serve harbor ill intentions?
  2. What does Saul's unchanged condition despite David's healing ministry teach about hardened hearts?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַתְּהִי֩1 of 14
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

ר֨וּחַ2 of 14

spirit

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

יְהוָ֤ה׀3 of 14

from the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

רָעָה֙4 of 14

And the evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

אֶל5 of 14
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

שָׁא֔וּל6 of 14

was upon Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

וְהוּא֙7 of 14
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

בְּבֵית֣וֹ8 of 14

in his house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

יוֹשֵׁ֔ב9 of 14

as he sat

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

וַֽחֲנִית֖וֹ10 of 14

with his javelin

H2595

a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent)

בְּיָֽד׃11 of 14

in his hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

וְדָוִ֖ד12 of 14

and David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

מְנַגֵּ֥ן13 of 14

played

H5059

properly, to thrum, i.e., beat a tune with the fingers; expectation. to play on a stringed instrument; hence (generally), to make music

בְּיָֽד׃14 of 14

in his hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 19:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 19:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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