King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 16:10 Mean?

1 Samuel 16:10 in the King James Version says “Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these.

1 Samuel 16:10 · KJV


Context

8

Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this.

9

Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this.

10

Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these.

11

And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither. down: Heb. round

12

And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he. of a: Heb. fair of eyes


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these.

The presentation of seven sons without divine approval created a theological crisis - had Samuel misunderstood God's direction? The Hebrew emphasizes completeness: seven sons, the number of perfection, yet none chosen. This apparent failure of the mission forced the question that would reveal God's unconventional choice. Divine plans often seem to fail before their surprising fulfillment.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Seven sons represented an ideally complete family in Israelite culture (Ruth 4:15; Job 1:2). Jesse's wealth of sons marked him as blessed, yet this abundance could not produce what only God could provide. The scene recalls other biblical moments when God's choice defied expectations: Jacob over Esau, Joseph over his brothers.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have apparent dead ends in seeking God's will led to unexpected discoveries?
  2. How does exhausting human options prepare us to recognize divine intervention?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַיַּֽעֲבֵ֥ר1 of 14

to pass

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

יִשַׁ֔י2 of 14

Again Jesse

H3448

jishai, david's father

שִׁבְעַ֥ת3 of 14

made seven

H7651

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

בָּנָ֖יו4 of 14

of his sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

לִפְנֵ֣י5 of 14

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

שְׁמוּאֵל֙6 of 14

And Samuel

H8050

shemuel, the name of three israelites

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר7 of 14

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

שְׁמוּאֵל֙8 of 14

And Samuel

H8050

shemuel, the name of three israelites

אֶל9 of 14
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

יִשַׁ֔י10 of 14

Again Jesse

H3448

jishai, david's father

לֹֽא11 of 14
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

בָחַ֥ר12 of 14

hath not chosen

H977

properly, to try, i.e., (by implication) select

יְהוָ֖ה13 of 14

The LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

בָּאֵֽלֶּה׃14 of 14
H428

these or those


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 16:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 16:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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