King James Version

What Does 1 Chronicles 2:13 Mean?

1 Chronicles 2:13 in the King James Version says “And Jesse begat his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimma the third, Shimma: or, Shammah” — study this verse from 1 Chronicles chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

“And Jesse begat his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimma the third, Shimma: or, Shammah”

1 Chronicles 2:13 · KJV

Context

11

And Nahshon begat Salma, and Salma begat Boaz,

12

And Boaz begat Obed, and Obed begat Jesse,

13

And Jesse begat his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimma the third, Shimma: or, Shammah

14

Nethaneel the fourth, Raddai the fifth,

15

Ozem the sixth, David the seventh:

Read 1 Chronicles 2 full chapter

Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Genealogical Significance: This verse appears within the Judah's lineage and David's royal line section of Chronicles' genealogical framework. The Hebrew term יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) - praise is central to understanding this passage's purpose. The Chronicler, writing to post-exilic Israel (c. 450-400 BCE), uses these genealogies not merely as historical records but as theological statements about covenant continuity and divine faithfulness.

The genealogical structure serves multiple purposes: (1) establishing Israel's connection to God's creatio n plan from Adam, (2) legitimizing post-exilic community's claim to covenant promises, (3) emphasizing Judah and Levi's special roles in God's redemptive plan, and (4) demonstrating that despite exile, God's covenant purposes continue. The selection and arrangement of names is intentional, highlighting Messianic line through Judah to David.

Chronicles diverges from Genesis and Samuel-Kings in its genealogical presentation, reflecting the Chronicler's distinct theological agenda. Where earlier texts focus on narrative history, Chronicles emphasizes continuity, legitimacy, and hope for restoration. This verse contributes to the larger argument that the post-exilic community is the rightful heir of God's ancient covenant promises.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Post-Exilic Context: The Chronicler wrote during the Persian period (450-400 BCE) to a community returned from Babylonian exile, struggling with identity and purpose. These genealogies answered crucial questions: Who are we? What is our relationship to ancient Israel? Do God's promises still apply to us?

The historical setting influences the text's emphasis on Genealogies of Judah and David's lineage - royal line emphasis. Ancient Near Eastern cultures valued genealogies for establishing land rights, royal legitimacy, and tribal identity. Chronicles' genealogies served similar functions while adding theological depth. The inclusion of specific names and details reflects the author's access to temple archives, royal records, and earlier biblical texts.

Archaeological evidence from Persian-period Judah shows a small, struggling community centered around Jerusalem and the rebuilt temple. The genealogies reinforced their connection to the glorious past and provided hope for future restoration through God's covenant faithfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding genealogies as theological statements rather than mere historical records change your reading of Chronicles and other biblical genealogies?
  2. What does this verse teach about God's faithfulness across generations, and how does that apply to your own family's spiritual legacy?
  3. How does Messianic line through Judah to David connect to the New Testament revelation of Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of Old Testament promises?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וְאִישַׁ֛י1 of 10

“And Jesse”

H3448

jishai, david's father

הוֹלִ֥יד2 of 10

“begat”

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

אֶת3 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּכֹר֖וֹ4 of 10

“his firstborn”

H1060

first-born; hence, chief

אֶת5 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֱלִיאָ֑ב6 of 10

“Eliab”

H446

eliab, the name of six israelites

וַאֲבִֽינָדָב֙7 of 10

“and Abinadab”

H41

abinadab, the name of four israelites

הַשֵּׁנִ֔י8 of 10

“the second”

H8145

properly, double, i.e., second; also adverbially, again

וְשִׁמְעָ֖א9 of 10

“and Shimma”

H8092

shima, the name of four israelites

הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁי׃10 of 10

“the third”

H7992

third; feminine a third (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story cell)

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Chronicles 2:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Chronicles 2:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

1 Samuel 17:131 Chronicles 20:71 Chronicles 27:181 Samuel 17:281 Samuel 16:6-13

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