King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 21:12 Mean?

1 Kings 21:12 in the King James Version says “They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people. — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

1 Kings 21:12 · KJV


Context

10

And set two men, sons of Belial, before him, to bear witness against him, saying, Thou didst blaspheme God and the king. And then carry him out, and stone him, that he may die.

11

And the men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who were the inhabitants in his city, did as Jezebel had sent unto them, and as it was written in the letters which she had sent unto them.

12

They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

13

And there came in two men, children of Belial, and sat before him: and the men of Belial witnessed against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying, Naboth did blaspheme God and the king. Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.

14

Then they sent to Jezebel, saying, Naboth is stoned, and is dead.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of naboth's vineyard, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage illustrate the importance of complete obedience to God's word without compromise?
  2. What does Elijah's ministry reveal about God's character and His commitment to His covenant people?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
קָֽרְא֖וּ1 of 7

They proclaimed

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

צ֑וֹם2 of 7

a fast

H6685

a fast

וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ3 of 7

and set

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

אֶת4 of 7
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

נָב֖וֹת5 of 7

Naboth

H5022

naboth, an israelite

בְּרֹ֥אשׁ6 of 7

on high

H7218

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

הָעָֽם׃7 of 7

among the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 21:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 21:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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