King James Version
Numbers 29
40 verses with commentary
Offerings for the Feast of Trumpets
And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, ye shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work: it is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you.
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
The Feast of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah) marked the seventh month with trumpet blasts and a holy convocation. The Hebrew 'teruah' means loud blasts or shouts, awakening Israel to solemn reflection before the Day of Atonement (ten days later). Trumpets announced God's kingship, called assembly, and warned of judgment. This feast foreshadows Christ's return when 'the trumpet shall sound, and the dead s...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →And ye shall offer a burnt offering for a sweet savour unto the LORD; one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs of the first year without blemish:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
The burnt offering of one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs without blemish represents comprehensive dedication on this holy day. The number seven (lambs) symbolizes completeness. The requirement that all be without blemish emphasizes that God deserves perfect offerings. This combination of animals represents the offering of strength (bullock), leadership (ram), and innocence (lambs) to God....
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**17. I shall see him--**rather, "I do see" or "I have seen him"--a prophetic sight, like that of Abraham (Joh 8:56).
**him--**that is, Israel.
**there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel--**This imagery, in the hieroglyphic language of the East, denotes some eminent ruler--primarily David; but secondarily and pre-eminently, the Messiah (see on Ge 49:10).
*...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals for a bullock, and two tenth deals for a ram,
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil</strong>—this verse continues instructions for the Feast of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah) begun in verse 1. The identical formula from Numbers 28:20 appears here: <strong>three tenth deals for a bullock, and two tenth deals for a ram</strong>. The repetition across multiple festivals (Passover, Trumpets, Tabernacles) establishes consist...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**18. Edom shall be a possession--**This prophecy was accomplished by David (2Sa 8:14).
**Seir--**seen in the south, and poetically used for Edom. The double conquest of Moab and Edom is alluded to (Psa 60:8; 108:9).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →And one tenth deal for one lamb, throughout the seven lambs:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And one tenth deal for one lamb, throughout the seven lambs</strong> (וְעִשָּׂרוֹן אֶחָד לַכֶּבֶשׂ הָאֶחָד לְשִׁבְעַת הַכְּבָשִׂים, ve'issaron echad lakeves ha'echad leshiv'at hakvasim)—the same individual portion prescribed throughout Numbers 28-29. Each lamb received its designated grain offering, never a collective or averaged amount. This individualization within corporate worship sugg...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**19. Out of Jacob shall come he that shall have dominion--**David, and particularly Christ.
**that remaineth of the city--**those who flee from the field to fortified places (Psa 60:9).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →And one kid of the goats for a sin offering, to make an atonement for you:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And one kid of the goats for a sin offering, to make an atonement</strong>—again, the <em>chattat</em> (חַטָּאת) sin offering accompanies even the joyful Feast of Trumpets. Every festival required atonement, underscoring human sinfulness as a perpetual condition requiring constant remedy. The goat kid (שְׂעִיר, se'ir) was appropriate for sin offerings due to its lesser economic value than ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**20. Amalek ... his latter end shall be that he perish for ever--**Their territory was seen at the remote extremity of the desert. (See on Ex 17:13; also 1Sa 15:1-35).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →Beside the burnt offering of the month, and his meat offering, and the daily burnt offering, and his meat offering, and their drink offerings, according unto their manner, for a sweet savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the LORD.
View commentary (4 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Beside the burnt offering of the month</strong> (מִלְּבַד עֹלַת הַחֹדֶשׁ, milevad olat hachodesh)—the Feast of Trumpets fell on the first day of the seventh month, thus requiring both the regular new moon offerings (Numbers 28:11-15) and the special Trumpets offerings (Numbers 29:1-5). Additionally, <strong>the daily burnt offering</strong> (עֹלַת הַתָּמִיד, olat hatamid) continued twice d...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(6) **Beside the burnt offering of the month.—**Better, *of the new moon. *(See Numbers 28:11, where the burnt offering of the beginning of the month is described.)
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**21. Kenites ... nest in a rock--**Though securely established among the clefts in the high rocks of En-gedi towards the west, they should be gradually reduced by a succession of enemies till the Assyrian invader carried them into captivity (Jud 1:16; 4:11, 16, 17; also 2Ki 15:29; 17:6).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →Offerings for the Day of Atonement
And ye shall have on the tenth day of this seventh month an holy convocation; and ye shall afflict your souls: ye shall not do any work therein:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
The Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) required afflicting souls (Hebrew 'anah nephesh'), understood as fasting and repentance. This tenth day of the seventh month was Israel's most solemn day - the only fast commanded by Mosaic law. On this day alone, the high priest entered the Holy of Holies with atoning blood (Lev 16). This foreshadows Christ's once-for-all entrance into heaven's sanctuary with His...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(7) **The tenth day of this seventh month . . . —**The law respecting the observance of the great Day of Atonement is contained in Leviticus 16 and Leviticus 23:26-32. The sacrifices prescribed in Numbers 29:8-11, which are the same as those prescribed for the first day of the seventh month, were to be offered in addition to the sin offerings of atonement prescribed in Leviticus 16 and to the dail...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →But ye shall offer a burnt offering unto the LORD for a sweet savour; one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs of the first year; they shall be unto you without blemish:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>A burnt offering unto the LORD for a sweet savour</strong> (עֹלָה לְרֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ)—The <em>olah</em> completely consumed on the altar signified total dedication to God. <em>Reach nichoach</em> (sweet savour) depicts God's pleasure in willing sacrifice, language used of Noah's altar (Genesis 8:21) and foreshadowing Christ's self-offering (Ephesians 5:2).<br><br><strong>Without blemish</stro...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**23. who shall live when God doeth this!--**Few shall escape the desolation that shall send a Nebuchadnezzar to scourge all those regions.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals to a bullock, and two tenth deals to one ram,
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil</strong> (מִנְחָתָם סֹלֶת בְּלוּלָה בַשָּׁמֶן)—The <em>minchah</em> accompanied burnt offerings, symbolizing daily bread consecrated to God. Fine flour (<em>solet</em>) represented refinement, while oil (<em>shemen</em>) symbolized the Holy Spirit's anointing.<br><br><strong>Three tenth deals</strong> (three <em>esronim</em>, each roug...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**24. Chittim--**the countries lying on the Mediterranean, particularly Greece and Italy (Da 11:29, 30). The Assyrians were themselves to be overthrown--first, by the Greeks under Alexander the Great and his successors; secondly, by the Romans.
**Eber--**the posterity of the Hebrews (Ge 10:24).
**he also shall perish--**that is, the conqueror of Asher and Eber, namely, the Greek and Roman empi...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →A several tenth deal for one lamb, throughout the seven lambs:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>A several tenth deal for one lamb, throughout the seven lambs</strong>—The Hebrew <em>issaron issaron</em> (tenth part, tenth part) emphasizes individual portions. Each of seven lambs received one ephah-tenth of fine flour, totaling seven esronim. Seven, the covenant number, signified completeness.<br><br>This meticulous distribution demonstrated God's attention to detail in worship. No la...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**25. Balaam rose up, and went ... to his place--**Mesopotamia, to which, however, he did not return. (See on Nu 31:8).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →One kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the sin offering of atonement, and the continual burnt offering, and the meat offering of it, and their drink offerings.
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One kid of the goats for a sin offering</strong> (שְׂעִיר חַטָּאת, <em>se'ir chatat</em>)—This additional <em>chatat</em> supplemented Leviticus 16's elaborate Day of Atonement ritual with its twin goats (scapegoat and sacrificed goat). The multiplicity of sin offerings underscored sin's pervasiveness and the inadequacy of animal blood (Hebrews 10:4).<br><br><strong>Beside the sin offering...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 29
Chapter Outline
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.(12-40)
**Verses 1-11**
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spe...
Read full commentary →Offerings for the Feast of Tabernacles
And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month ye shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work, and ye shall keep a feast unto the LORD seven days:
View commentary (4 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
The Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) lasted seven days, celebrating God's provision during wilderness wanderings. Israel lived in temporary booths (sukkot), remembering their pilgrim status and God's faithful care. The extensive offerings (13 bulls on day one, decreasing daily to 7) totaled 70 bulls over seven days - Jewish tradition connects this to the 70 nations of Genesis 10, suggesting Israel's ...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(12) **And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month . . . —**See Leviticus 23:33-36; Leviticus 23:39-43. A larger number of burnt offerings was appointed for this feast than for any other festival. Seventy oxen in all were to be offered on the seven days of the feast, the number being diminished by one daily—viz., thirteen on the first day, twelve on the second, eleven on the third, and in like m...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
CHAPTER 25 Nu 25:1-18. The Israelites' Whoredom and Idolatry with Moab.
**1. Israel abode in Shittim--**a verdant meadow, so called from a grove of acacia trees which lined the eastern side of the Jordan. (See Nu 33:49).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And ye shall offer a burnt offering, a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD; thirteen young bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year; they shall be without blemish:
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Thirteen young bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs</strong>—The fifteenth day of the seventh month inaugurated Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles), the harvest thanksgiving festival. The staggering number of animals (29 total) surpassed all other festivals, reflecting agricultural abundance and joy in God's provision.<br><br><strong>A sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour</strong> (אִשֶּׁ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals unto every bullock of the thirteen bullocks, two tenth deals to each ram of the two rams,
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Three tenth deals unto every bullock of the thirteen bullocks</strong>—Each bullock received 3 esronim (6+ quarts) of fine flour with oil, totaling 39 esronim for all thirteen, plus 4 for the rams and 14 for the lambs—a massive 57 esronim (nearly 30 gallons) on day one alone. This abundance reflected harvest bounty and covenant generosity.<br><br>The number thirteen bullocks uniquely begin...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**3. Israel joined himself unto Baal-peor--**Baal was a general name for "lord," and Peor for a "mount" in Moab. The real name of the idol was Chemosh, and his rites of worship were celebrated by the grossest obscenity. In participating in this festival, then, the Israelites committed the double offense of idolatry and licentiousness.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And a several tenth deal to each lamb of the fourteen lambs:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>A several tenth deal to each lamb of the fourteen lambs</strong>—Again <em>issaron la-keves ha-echad</em> stresses individual allocation. Fourteen lambs (double seven) amplified the covenant fullness symbolized by seven, befitting the grandest festival. The repetition across verses 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33 underscores the unchanging pattern.<br><br>This regularity taught dependability in...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**4. The Lord said unto Moses, Take all the heads of the people, and hang them up--**Israelite criminals, who were capitally punished, were first stoned or slain, and then gibbeted. The persons ordered here for execution were the principal delinquents in the Baal-peor outrage--the subordinate officers, rulers of tens or hundreds.
**before the Lord--**for vindicating the honor of the true God.
...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One kid of the goats for a sin offering</strong>—The single <em>chatat</em> daily throughout Sukkot acknowledged that even joyful harvest celebration occurred among sinners needing atonement. No festival exempted Israel from confronting sin. The juxtaposition of abundant burnt offerings (expressing worship) with the sin offering (confessing guilt) balanced joy with sobriety.<br><br><strong...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**5. judges of Israel--**the seventy elders, who were commanded not only to superintend the execution within their respective jurisdictions, but to inflict the punishment with their own hands. (See on 1Sa 15:33).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And on the second day ye shall offer twelve young bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of the first year without spot:
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>On the second day ye shall offer twelve young bullocks</strong>—The descending bullock count begins: day 1 = 13, day 2 = 12, continuing to day 7 = 7. This unique pattern totals 70 bullocks across seven days. While rams (2) and lambs (14) remained constant, the diminishing bullocks created asymmetry demanding explanation.<br><br>Rabbinic interpretation saw 70 bullocks representing the natio...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**6-7. behold, one of the children of Israel ... brought ... a Midianitish woman--**This flagitious act most probably occurred about the time when the order was given and before its execution.
**who were weeping before the door of the tabernacle--**Some of the rulers and well-disposed persons were deploring the dreadful wickedness of the people and supplicating the mercy of God to avert impendin...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>According to their number, after the manner</strong> (<em>kemishpatam</em>, כְּמִשְׁפָּטָם)—'After the manner' uses the legal term <em>mishpat</em>, meaning ordinance, judgment, prescribed custom. This wasn't casual worship but covenant law. <em>Bemidbar</em> (Numbers) means 'in the wilderness,' where God regulated every aspect of tabernacle worship to prevent innovation.<br><br>The phrase...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**6-7. behold, one of the children of Israel ... brought ... a Midianitish woman--**This flagitious act most probably occurred about the time when the order was given and before its execution.
**who were weeping before the door of the tabernacle--**Some of the rulers and well-disposed persons were deploring the dreadful wickedness of the people and supplicating the mercy of God to avert impendin...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and the meat offering thereof, and their drink offerings.
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One kid of the goats for a sin offering</strong>—The daily <em>chatat</em> persists through day two, underscoring that yesterday's atonement doesn't cover today's sin. This daily renewal foreshadowed Christ's superiority, whose 'one sacrifice for sins for ever' (Hebrews 10:12) eliminates repetition's necessity.<br><br><strong>Beside the continual burnt offering</strong>—The <em>tamid</em>'...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**8. the plague--**some sudden and widespread mortality.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And on the third day eleven bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish;
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>On the third day eleven bullocks</strong>—The descent continues (13, 12, 11...), maintaining rhythmic predictability. Day three's eleven bullocks plus two rams and fourteen lambs totaled 27 animals for burnt offerings alone, plus one sin offering—28 animals on one day, not counting the <em>tamid</em> lambs.<br><br>This massive slaughter required multiple priests working simultaneously at t...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**9. those that died in the plague were twenty and four thousand--**Only twenty-three thousand perished (1Co 10:8) from pestilence. Moses includes those who died by the execution of the judges [Nu 25:5].
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>According to their number, after the manner</strong>—The refrain returns, hammering home covenant consistency. Day three's grain and drink offerings followed the same proportions as days one and two: 3 esronim per bullock, 2 per ram, 1 per lamb. The drink offering (<em>nesek</em>, נֶסֶךְ) of wine accompanied each animal (Numbers 15:1-12).<br><br>Wine symbolized joy (Psalm 104:15) but also ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering.
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One goat for a sin offering</strong>—Day three's <em>chatat</em> uses <em>sa'ir</em> (שָׂעִיר, male goat) rather than <em>se'ir</em>, though meaning is identical. The goat, commonly used for sin offerings (Leviticus 4:23, 9:3, 16:9), symbolized sin-bearing, contrasted with lambs representing innocence.<br><br>The goat/lamb distinction illuminated Christ's dual typology: the lamb led to sla...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**11-13. Phinehas ... hath turned my wrath away--**This assurance was a signal mark of honor that the stain of blood, instead of defiling, confirmed him in office and that his posterity should continue as long as the national existence of Israel.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And on the fourth day ten bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>On the fourth day ten bullocks</strong>—Midpoint of the seven-day festival, the bullock count reaches ten, symbolizing completeness (ten commandments, ten plagues, ten esronim in the showbread). The pattern 13→12→11→10→9→8→7 creates arithmetic symmetry: total 70 bullocks, average 10 per day.<br><br>Day four's offerings (10 bullocks, 2 rams, 14 lambs, 1 goat) continued the established rhyth...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**11-13. Phinehas ... hath turned my wrath away--**This assurance was a signal mark of honor that the stain of blood, instead of defiling, confirmed him in office and that his posterity should continue as long as the national existence of Israel.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →Their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Their meat offering and their drink offerings... according to their number, after the manner</strong>—Day four's refrain emphasizes the grain (<em>minchah</em>) and wine (<em>nesek</em>) offerings' unchanging proportions. The repetition across seven days (verses 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 37) creates liturgical cadence like Psalms' refrains.<br><br>This verbal repetition aided memorization in...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**11-13. Phinehas ... hath turned my wrath away--**This assurance was a signal mark of honor that the stain of blood, instead of defiling, confirmed him in office and that his posterity should continue as long as the national existence of Israel.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One kid of the goats for a sin offering</strong>—Day four concludes with the same <em>chatat</em> as every day, reinforcing sin's persistence even amid harvest joy. The goat's death visualized substitutionary atonement: 'the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all' (Isaiah 53:6).<br><br><strong>Beside the continual burnt offering</strong>—The <em>olat ha-tamid</em>'s appearance on day...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**14. Zimri, ... a prince ... among the Simeonites--**The slaughter of a man of such high rank is mentioned as a proof of the undaunted zeal of Phinehas, for there might be numerous avengers of his blood.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And on the fifth day nine bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without spot:
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>On the fifth day nine bullocks</strong>—The descending pattern of <em>olah</em> (עֹלָה, burnt offering) continues through the seven days of Sukkot (Tabernacles), moving from thirteen bullocks on day one to seven on day seven. This diminishing sequence totals seventy bulls, which rabbinic tradition connects to the seventy nations (Genesis 10), symbolizing Israel interceding for the whole wo...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Their meat offering and their drink offerings</strong>—The <em>minchah</em> (מִנְחָה, grain offering) and <em>nesek</em> (נֶסֶךְ, drink offering) accompanied each burnt offering <strong>according to their number, after the manner</strong> (<em>k'mishpatam</em>, כְּמִשְׁפָּטָם, according to their ordinance). These additions are detailed in Numbers 15:1-12, with amounts varying by animal siz...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One goat for a sin offering</strong>—The daily <em>chatat</em> (חַטָּאת, sin offering) throughout the festival, <strong>beside the continual burnt offering</strong> (<em>olat ha-tamid</em>, עֹלַת הַתָּמִיד), ensured ongoing atonement even during joyful celebration. This reflects the sobering reality that human sinfulness persists even in worship contexts.<br><br>The <em>tamid</em> (perpetu...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**17. Vex the Midianites, and smite them--**They seem to have been the most guilty parties. (Compare Nu 22:4; 31:8).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And on the sixth day eight bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish:
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>On the sixth day eight bullocks</strong>—The downward progression continues: nine bulls on day five, eight on day six, seven on day seven. This deliberate reduction creates anticipation for the climactic eighth day (v. 35, Shemini Atzeret), when the pattern breaks with just one bull.<br><br><strong>Without blemish</strong> (תְּמִימִם, <em>t'mimim</em>, plural form) repeats the perfection r...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**18. they vex you with their wiles--**Instead of open war, they plot insidious ways of accomplishing your ruin by idolatry and corruption.
**their sister--**their countrywoman.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>According to their number, after the manner</strong>—The precise repetition of this phrase (also vv. 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 37) emphasizes covenantal fidelity. The Hebrew <em>k'mishpatam</em> (כְּמִשְׁפָּטָם) means "according to the legal requirement," stressing that acceptable worship adheres to revealed standards, not human innovation.<br><br>This ritualized repetition teaches that true...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One goat for a sin offering</strong>—The sixth repetition of this phrase in the Tabernacles liturgy (vv. 5, 11, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 38) underscores the relentless need for atonement. The <em>chatat</em> goat was not incidental but central—<strong>beside the continual burnt offering</strong> anchored each day's elaborate ritual in the reality of human sinfulness.<br><br>The daily si...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
CHAPTER 26 Nu 26:1-51. Israel Numbered.
**1. after the plague--**That terrible visitation had swept away the remnant of the old generation, to whom God sware in His wrath that they should not enter Canaan (Psa 95:11).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And on the seventh day seven bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish:
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>On the seventh day seven bullocks</strong>—The numerical sequence reaches its symbolic climax: seven bulls on the seventh day of the seven-day feast. In Hebrew thought, seven represents completion and perfection (<em>sheva</em>, שֶׁבַע, shares roots with <em>shava</em>, to swear/be complete). This convergence of sevens marks the high point of the liturgical pattern before the unique eighth...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**2. Take the sum of all the congregation--**The design of this new census, after a lapse of thirty-eight years, was primarily to establish the vast multiplication of the posterity of Abraham in spite of the severe judgments inflicted upon them; secondarily, it was to preserve the distinction of families and to make arrangements, preparatory to an entrance into the promised land, for the distribut...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>According to their number, after the manner</strong>—On the climactic seventh day, the formula remains unchanged. The <em>minchah</em> and <em>nesek</em> accompany the seven bulls with the same precision as the previous days. Even at the symbolic peak, worship adheres to established patterns—no improvisational flourishes, no deviation from <em>mishpat</em> (ordinance).<br><br>This consiste...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One goat for a sin offering</strong>—Even on the seventh day's symbolic high point, the <em>chatat</em> remains non-negotiable. The seventh sin offering <strong>beside the continual burnt offering</strong> demonstrates that no achievement in religious observance, no symbolic completeness, removes our dependence on atoning blood.<br><br>This anticipates the New Covenant reality: our spiritu...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →On the eighth day ye shall have a solemn assembly: ye shall do no servile work therein:
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KJV Study Commentary
The eighth day after Tabernacles was 'a solemn assembly; ye shall do no servile work therein.' The Hebrew 'atseret' (solemn assembly/conclusion) marked sacred conclusion to festival season. After Tabernacles' joyful seven days, this eighth day provided sacred closure. The number eight in Scripture often represents new beginning beyond completion (seven). This eighth day foreshadows the eternal res...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(35) **On the eighth day ye shall have a solemn assembly.**—Or, *closing feast day. *The word *azereth, *which is here and in the parallel passage in Leviticus 23:36 (comp. Nehemiah 8:18; 2Chronicles 7:9) rendered “solemn assembly,” is used in Deuteronomy 16:8 of the seventh or closing day of the Feast of the Passover. It is used in Jeremiah 9:2 and Amos 5:2 in a more general manner. In the former...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →But ye shall offer a burnt offering, a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD: one bullock, one ram, seven lambs of the first year without blemish:
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One bullock, one ram, seven lambs</strong>—The eighth day (<em>Shemini Atzeret</em>, שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת, Eighth Assembly) breaks the descending pattern dramatically: from seven bulls on day seven to just one. This singular offering marks a qualitative shift from the quantitative progression, pointing to the one sufficient sacrifice of Christ.<br><br><strong>A sacrifice made by fire, of a sw...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →Their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullock, for the ram, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:
View commentary (3 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>According to their number, after the manner</strong>—Even on the unique eighth day with its singular bullock, the accompanying <em>minchah</em> and <em>nesek</em> follow the established <em>mishpat</em>. The radical reduction in primary offerings does not alter the precision of secondary offerings. This demonstrates that divine innovation (the shift to one bull) operates within, not agains...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**7. These are the families of the Reubenites--**the principal households, which were subdivided into numerous smaller families. Reuben had suffered great diminution by Korah's conspiracy and other outbreaks [Nu 16:1].
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering.
View commentary (2 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>One goat for a sin offering</strong>—The eighth and final <em>chatat</em> of the festival sequence. Even this climactic day beyond the seven-day completeness requires atonement <strong>beside the continual burnt offering</strong>. The eschatological symbolism of the eighth day does not negate present sinfulness—a crucial corrective to over-realized eschatology.<br><br>The eighth-day sin of...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →These things ye shall do unto the LORD in your set feasts, beside your vows, and your freewill offerings, for your burnt offerings, and for your meat offerings, and for your drink offerings, and for your peace offerings. do: or, offer
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KJV Study Commentary
God concludes: 'These things ye shall do unto the LORD in your set feasts, beside your vows, and your freewill offerings.' This verse distinguishes between commanded offerings (set feasts) and voluntary offerings (vows and freewill). The Hebrew 'mo'ed' (appointed times/set feasts) indicates divinely-scheduled worship, while 'nedabah' (freewill offerings) expresses spontaneous devotion. Both are ne...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(39) **These things ye shall do unto the Lord in your set feasts.—**Better, *These sacrifices shall ye offer unto the Lord at your set seasons.*
**For your burnt offerings . . . —**The sacrifices prescribed in this chapter were appointed to be offered independently of all the burnt offerings, meal offerings, drink offerings, and peace offerings, which were made in performance of special vows, or a...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →And Moses told the children of Israel according to all that the LORD commanded Moses.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And Moses told the children of Israel according to all that the LORD commanded Moses</strong>—This formulaic conclusion (וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה... כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהוָה <em>vayomer Moshe... kekhol asher-tzivah YHWH</em>, 'Moses spoke... according to all that the LORD commanded') closes the extensive festival calendar (Numbers 28-29) by emphasizing Moses' faithful transmission of divine ins...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(40) **And Moses told the children of Israel . . . —**In the Hebrew Bible this verse forms the beginning of the 30th chapter.
**Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**10. the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up together with Korah--**rather, "the things of Korah." (See on Nu 16:35; compare Psa 106:17).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 12-40**
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to rejoice before the Lord. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of God's service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sac...
Read full commentary →