About Jeremiah

Jeremiah warned Judah of coming judgment for 40 years, yet proclaimed the hope of a new covenant.

Author: JeremiahWritten: c. 627-580 BCReading time: ~2 minVerses: 16
JudgmentNew CovenantRepentanceSufferingFaithfulnessHope

King James Version

Jeremiah 40

16 verses with commentary

Jeremiah Freed by Nebuchadnezzar

The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, after that Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had let him go from Ramah, when he had taken him being bound in chains among all that were carried away captive of Jerusalem and Judah, which were carried away captive unto Babylon. chains: or, manicles

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KJV Study Commentary

This verse marks the transition from Jerusalem's fall (chapter 39) to the aftermath narratives. The phrase 'The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD' emphasizes divine revelation continuing even in catastrophe. Jeremiah's release 'after that Nebuzar-adan the captain of the guard had let him go from Ramah' demonstrates God's providence—the prophet who predicted judgment is miraculously preserve...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

XL. (1) **The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord.**—It is noticeable that this introduction is not followed by any specific utterance of prophecy until we come to Jeremiah 42:7. It is a natural conclusion that it stands as a kind of heading to the section of the collected prophecies subsequent to the capture of the city. **Had let him go from Ramah.**—The town so named was in the tribe of Be...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

10-12. Repeated from Jr 6:12-15. See a similar repetition, Jr 8:15; Jr 14:19. **inherit--**succeed to the possession of them.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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And the captain of the guard took Jeremiah, and said unto him, The LORD thy God hath pronounced this evil upon this place.

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuzar-adan's words to Jeremiah demonstrate remarkable theological awareness for a pagan official: 'The LORD thy God hath pronounced this evil upon this place.' This acknowledgment of Yahweh's sovereignty over Judah's fate vindicates Jeremiah's prophetic ministry. The pagan Babylonian understood what Judah's leaders refused to accept—this judgment came from the God of Israel, not merely Babylonia...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

10-12. Repeated from Jr 6:12-15. See a similar repetition, Jr 8:15; Jr 14:19. **inherit--**succeed to the possession of them.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Now the LORD hath brought it, and done according as he hath said: because ye have sinned against the LORD, and have not obeyed his voice, therefore this thing is come upon you.

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KJV Study Commentary

The Babylonian captain Nebuzaradan demonstrates better theological insight than Judah's leaders - he recognizes the fall of Jerusalem as God's judgment for sin. Pagan officials sometimes see God's hand in events more clearly than His own people. This echoes Christ's observation that judgment begins with the household of God (1 Pet 4:17). Unbelievers' recognition of God's judgment increases account...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

10-12. Repeated from Jr 6:12-15. See a similar repetition, Jr 8:15; Jr 14:19. **inherit--**succeed to the possession of them.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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And now, behold, I loose thee this day from the chains which were upon thine hand. If it seem good unto thee to come with me into Babylon, come; and I will look well unto thee: but if it seem ill unto thee to come with me into Babylon, forbear: behold, all the land is before thee: whither it seemeth good and convenient for thee to go, thither go. were: or, are upon thine hand I will: Heb. I will set mine eye upon thee

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuzaradan offers Jeremiah freedom to go to Babylon with honor or remain in Judah, leaving the choice to him. This fulfills God's earlier promise to preserve Jeremiah (15:20-21, 39:11-12). God's word proves faithful even through pagan channels. The prophet who counseled submission to Babylon now receives favor from Babylon's commanders - an ironic vindication.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. surely consume--**literally, "gathering I will gather," or "consuming I will consume." **no grapes ... nor figs--**(Joe 1:7; Mt 21:19). **things that I have given ... shall pass away--**rather, "I will appoint to them those who shall overwhelm (pass over) them," that is, I will send the enemy upon them [Maurer]. English Version accords well with the context; Though their grapes and figs ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Now while he was not yet gone back, he said, Go back also to Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon hath made governor over the cities of Judah, and dwell with him among the people: or go wheresoever it seemeth convenient unto thee to go. So the captain of the guard gave him victuals and a reward, and let him go.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now while he was not yet gone back, he said, Go back also to Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon hath made governor over the cities of Judah, and dwell with him among the people: or go wheresoever it seemeth convenient unto thee. So the captain of the guard gave him victuals and a reward, and let him go.</strong> This verse presents Jeremiah's choice aft...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **Go back also to Gedaliah the son of Ahikam.**—The captain of the guard seems to have felt, on second thoughts, possibly after hearing the prophet’s unrecorded answer, that he had not taken sufficient precaution for Jeremiah’s safety, and therefore consigns him once more to the care of his friend and protector. On parting with him he treats him as an honoured guest, sends him a portion of foo...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14. assemble--**for defense. **let us be silent--**not assault the enemy, but merely defend ourselves in quiet, until the storm blow over. **put us to silence--**brought us to that state that we can no longer resist the foe; implying silent despair. **water of gall--**literally, "water of the poisonous plant," perhaps the poppy (Jr 9:15; 23:15).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Then went Jeremiah unto Gedaliah the son of Ahikam to Mizpah; and dwelt with him among the people that were left in the land.

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KJV Study Commentary

Jeremiah's decision to dwell with Gedaliah at Mizpah rather than go to Babylon demonstrates loyalty to the remnant in Judah. The verb 'dwelt' (yashab in Hebrew) suggests permanent residence, not temporary stay—Jeremiah committed to remaining with the people rather than seeking comfort in Babylon where he would have received honor. This choice reflected his calling: though vindicated by events and ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **To Mizpah.**—The name, which signifies “watch- tower” (Genesis 31:49), was naturally not uncommon. Of the six or seven cities that were so called, that which comes before us here was Mizpah of Benjamin (Joshua 18:25-26), prominent in the history of Samuel and Saul (1Samuel 7:5-13; 1Samuel 10:17-25), not far from Gibeah of Saul (Isaiah 10:29; Judges 19:13). It has been identified by Dr. Robin...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

15. Repeated (Jr 14:19). **We looked for--**owing to the expectations held out by the false prophets. **health--**healing; that is, restoration from adversity.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Now when all the captains of the forces which were in the fields, even they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam governor in the land, and had committed unto him men, and women, and children, and of the poor of the land, of them that were not carried away captive to Babylon;

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KJV Study Commentary

The arrival of 'all the captains of the forces' who 'were in the fields' to Gedaliah at Mizpah marks a crucial moment—these military leaders who had fled Jerusalem before its final fall now emerge from hiding to assess the new situation. Their willingness to come to Gedaliah signaled potential for stability under Babylonian oversight. The phrase 'heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah......
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **Now when all the captains of** **the forces.**—A new section of the history begins, ending with the murder of Gedaliah and its sequel. in Jeremiah 41:18. The commanders of the armies that had fought against the invader in the open country found it hopeless to continue the struggle after the capture of Jerusalem. What were they to do? The king of Babylon had, by appointing Gedaliah, himself a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16. his horses--**the Chaldean's. **was heard--**the prophetical past for the future. **from Dan--**bordering on Phoenicia. This was to be Nebuchadnezzar's route in invading Israel; the cavalry in advance of the infantry would scour the country. **strong ones--**a poetical phrase for steeds, peculiar to Jeremiah (Jr 47:3; compare Jr 4:13, 29; 6:23).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.

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KJV Study Commentary

This verse provides a detailed roster of military leaders who came to Gedaliah, establishing the historical specificity of these events and the potential that existed for stable governance under Babylonian oversight. The inclusion of names—'Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the son of a Maacha...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **Then they came to Gedaliah.—**Of the captains thus named, Ishmael, “of the seed royal” (we have no date for determining his precise position in the line of successors) (Jeremiah 41:1), is prominent in the history of the next chapter, Johanan (the Hebrew form of Joannes or John) in that of Jeremiah 42, Seraiah and Jaazaniah are named in the parallel passage of 2Kings 25:23, but nothing more i...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17. I--**Jehovah. **cockatrices--**basilisks (Is 11:8), that is, enemies whose destructive power no means, by persuasion or otherwise, can counteract. Serpent-charmers in the East entice serpents by music, and by a particular pressure on the neck render them incapable of darting (Psa 58:4, 5).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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And Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan sware unto them and to their men, saying, Fear not to serve the Chaldeans: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.

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KJV Study Commentary

Gedaliah swears to the remnant: 'Fear not to serve the Chaldeans: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.' He counsels submission to God's appointed authority for that time. This wisdom contrasts with false patriotism that resists God's will. Gedaliah's assassination (41:2) shows that not everyone accepts God's post-judgment order.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **Fear not to serve the Chaldeans . . .**—Gedaliah, acting as Satrap of the province, assures them that, though they had fought against the conquerors, there would be a full amnesty, and that they might therefore banish all fears of being maltreated. He will remain at his post, and they may return to their own homes.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

18. (Is 22:4). The lamentation of the prophet for the impending calamity of his country. **against sorrow--**or, with respect to sorrow. Maurer translates, "Oh, my exhilaration as to sorrow!" that is, "Oh, that exhilaration ('comfort', from an Arabic root, to shine as the rising sun) would shine upon me as to my sorrow!" **in me--**within me.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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As for me, behold, I will dwell at Mizpah to serve the Chaldeans, which will come unto us: but ye, gather ye wine, and summer fruits, and oil, and put them in your vessels, and dwell in your cities that ye have taken. to serve: Heb. to stand before

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KJV Study Commentary

Gedaliah's counsel establishes the practical framework for survival under Babylonian governance: 'dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.' The verb 'serve' (abad in Hebrew) means to work for, render service to, or be subject to—the same word used for serving God, indicating that submission to Babylon's temporal authority need not compromise covenant faithfu...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **Gather ye** **wine, and summer fruits.**—The words show that the application took place in the autumn. The captains and their followers were invited to help themselves freely from the fields and vineyards and olive-yards, the owners of which had been carried off to Babylon, so as to relieve their immediate wants and provide for the coming winter. The “summer fruits” would probably include f...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

19. The prophet in vision hears the cry of the exiled Jews, wondering that God should have delivered them up to the enemy, seeing that He is Zion's king, dwelling in her (Mi 3:11). In the latter half of the verse God replies that their own idolatry, not want of faithfulness on His part, is the cause. **because of them that dwell in a far country--**rather, "from a land of distances," that is, a ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Likewise when all the Jews that were in Moab, and among the Ammonites, and in Edom, and that were in all the countries, heard that the king of Babylon had left a remnant of Judah, and that he had set over them Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan;

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KJV Study Commentary

The return of Jewish refugees from Moab, Ammon, Edom, and 'all the countries' demonstrates the spreading news of stability under Gedaliah's governorship and validates Jeremiah's message that survival lay in submission to Babylon rather than flight or resistance. These Jews had fled before or during Jerusalem's siege, seeking safety in neighboring territories. Their willingness to return shows they...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11, 12) **When all the Jews that were in Moab . . .**—It lay in the nature of things that many of the dwellers in Judæa fled before the march of the Chaldæan armies, and took refuge in the neighbouring regions. In Ruth 1:2, 1Samuel 22:3, Isaiah 16:4, we find analogous instances of fugitives from Judah finding shelter in the Moabite country. These, on hearing of the generous policy adopted by Geda...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

20. Proverbial. Meaning: One season of hope after another has passed, but the looked-for deliverance never came, and now all hope is gone.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 40 The preaching of the gospel, and glad tidings of the coming of Christ. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of God. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of idolatry. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31) **Verses 1-11** All human life is a warfare; the Christian life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when sin is pardoned. In the great a...
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Even all the Jews returned out of all places whither they were driven, and came to the land of Judah, to Gedaliah, unto Mizpah, and gathered wine and summer fruits very much.

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KJV Study Commentary

The detail that returnees 'gathered wine and summer fruits very much' demonstrates the fulfillment of Gedaliah's promise that cooperation with Babylon would bring prosperity (verse 10). The abundance ('very much') shows God's blessing on obedience to His revealed will through Jeremiah. This agricultural success wasn't merely pragmatic outcome but theological vindication: those who accepted God's d...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. black--**sad in visage with grief (Joe 2:6).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-17** All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the Lord, by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. ...
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Moreover Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces that were in the fields, came to Gedaliah to Mizpah,

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KJV Study Commentary

Johanan son of Kareah's arrival 'and all the captains of the forces that were in the fields' marks a critical juncture—these military leaders came with intelligence about a conspiracy against Gedaliah. The phrase 'in the fields' indicates these men maintained military presence outside Mizpah, possibly as security forces or because they didn't fully trust the new arrangement. Their coming to Gedali...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**22. balm--**balsam; to be applied to the wounds of my people. Brought into Judea first from Arabia Felix, by the queen of Sheba, in Solomon's time [Josephus, Antiquities, 8.2]. The opobalsamum of Pliny; or else [Bochart] the resin drawn from the terebinth. It abounded in Gilead, east of Jordan, where, in consequence, many "physicians" established themselves (Jr 46:11; 51:8; Ge 37:25; 43:11). *...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-17** All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the Lord, by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. ...
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And said unto him, Dost thou certainly know that Baalis the king of the Ammonites hath sent Ishmael the son of Nethaniah to slay thee? But Gedaliah the son of Ahikam believed them not. to slay: Heb. to strike thee in soul?

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KJV Study Commentary

Johanan's direct accusation—'Dost thou certainly know that Baalis the king of the Ammonites hath sent Ishmael the son of Nethaniah to slay thee?'—demonstrates both the specificity of his intelligence and the gravity of the threat. The phrase 'dost thou certainly know' emphasizes that this wasn't vague rumor but definite information Johanan wanted Gedaliah to acknowledge. The conspiracy involved fo...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Dost thou certainly know that Baalis . . .**—The king of the Ammonites so named appears from Jeremiah 27:3 to have been in alliance with Zedekiah; and Ishmael, as belonging to the royal house of Judah, seems to have been still plotting with him against the authority of the Chaldæans. Open resistance being now impossible, they have recourse to assassination. The plot becomes known, and Johan...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-17** All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the Lord, by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. ...
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Then Johanan the son of Kareah spake to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly, saying, Let me go, I pray thee, and I will slay Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know it: wherefore should he slay thee, that all the Jews which are gathered unto thee should be scattered, and the remnant in Judah perish?

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KJV Study Commentary

Johanan's secret offer to Gedaliah—'Let me go, I pray thee, and I will slay Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know it'—reveals both his genuine concern for the governor and the moral complexity of the situation. Johanan proposed pre-emptive assassination 'in secret' (literally 'and a man will not know'), suggesting he understood that public execution of Ishmael (a man of royal blood, ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 9 Jr 9:1-26. Jeremiah's Lamentation for the Jews' Sins and Consequent Punishment. 1. This verse is more fitly joined to the last chapter, as verse 23 in the Hebrew (compare Is 22:4; La 2:11; 3:48).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-17** All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the Lord, by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. ...
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But Gedaliah the son of Ahikam said unto Johanan the son of Kareah, Thou shalt not do this thing: for thou speakest falsely of Ishmael.

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KJV Study Commentary

Gedaliah's response—'Thou shalt not do this thing: for thou speakest falsely of Ishmael'—reveals both admirable moral conviction and tragic misjudgment. By refusing to authorize Ishmael's assassination, Gedaliah maintained ethical integrity, declining to shed blood based on unconfirmed conspiracy despite credible intelligence. His flat prohibition 'Thou shalt not do this thing' echoes covenantal l...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**2. lodging-place--**a caravanseral for caravans, or companies travelling in the desert, remote from towns. It was a square building enclosing an open court. Though a lonely and often filthy dwelling, Jeremiah would prefer even it to the comforts of Jerusalem, so as to be removed from the pollutions of the capital (Psa 55:7, 8).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-17** All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the Lord, by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. ...
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