King James Version
Ezekiel 48
35 verses with commentary
The Division of the Land
Now these are the names of the tribes. From the north end to the coast of the way of Hethlon, as one goeth to Hamath, Hazarenan, the border of Damascus northward, to the coast of Hamath; for these are his sides east and west; a portion for Dan. a portion: Heb. one portion
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Now these are the names of the tribes. From the north end to the coast of the way of Hethlon, as one goeth to Hamath, Hazar-enan, the border of Damascus northward, to the coast of Hamath; for these are his sides east and west; a portion for Dan.</strong> This verse begins Ezekiel's description of the tribal land allotments in the restored Israel. The precision of boundaries—<strong>"from t...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
**XLVIII.**
The closing chapter of Ezekiel is mainly occupied with the distribution of the land in detail. Beginning at the north, a portion is assigned to each of seven tribes (Ezekiel 48:1-7); then the “oblation” is described, with its parts for the Levites, the priests and Temple, the city and those that serve it, and for the prince (Ezekiel 48:8-22), and lastly portions for the remaining five ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**6. not eaten upon ... mountains--**the high places, where altars were reared. A double sin: sacrificing elsewhere than at the temple, where only God sanctioned sacrifice (De 12:13, 14); and this to idols instead of to Jehovah. "Eaten" refers to the feasts which were connected with the sacrifices (see Ex 32:6; De 32:38; Jud 9:27; 1Co 8:4, 10; 10:7).
**lifted ... eyes to--**namely, in adoration ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Dan, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Asher.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Dan, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Asher.</strong> Ezekiel's vision of tribal land redistribution begins with Dan (northernmost) then moves south to Asher. The Hebrew <em>gĕvul</em> (גְּבוּל, "border") emphasizes defined boundaries in the restored land. Each tribe receives equal portions running east-to-west across the entire breadth—radically di...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**7. restored ... pledge--**that which the poor debtor absolutely needed; as his raiment, which the creditor was bound to restore before sunset (Ex 22:26, 27), and his millstone, which was needed for preparing his food (De 24:6, 10-13).
**bread to ... hungry ... covered ... naked--**(Is 58:7; Mt 25:35, 36). After duties of justice come those of benevolence. It is not enough to refrain from doing...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Asher, from the east side even unto the west side, a portion for Naphtali.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Asher, from the east side even unto the west side, a portion for Naphtali.</strong> The second tribal allotment goes to Naphtali, continuing the north-to-south progression. The repetitive formula "from the east side even unto the west side" emphasizes the comprehensive nature of each inheritance—no tribe receives partial blessing. The Hebrew construction <em>mipē'at qā...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**8. usury--**literally, "biting." The law forbade the Jew to take interest from brethren but permitted him to do so from a foreigner (Ex 22:25; De 23:19, 20; Ne 5:7; Psa 15:5). The letter of the law was restricted to the Jewish polity, and is not binding now; and indeed the principle of taking interest was even then sanctioned, by its being allowed in the case of a foreigner. The spirit of the la...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Naphtali, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Manasseh.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Naphtali, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Manasseh.</strong> Manasseh, Joseph's firstborn, receives the fourth portion. In Joshua's distribution, Manasseh received territory on both sides of the Jordan—half-tribe east, half-tribe west (Joshua 17:1-13). Here, Manasseh receives unified, undivided inheritance, symbolizing wholeness and restoration fro...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**9. truly--**with integrity.
**surely live--**literally, "live in life." Prosper in this life, but still more in the life to come (Pr 3:1, 2; Am 5:4).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Manasseh, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Ephraim.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Manasseh, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Ephraim.</strong> Ephraim, Joseph's younger son who received the firstborn blessing (Genesis 48:14-20), occupies the fifth position moving southward. Historically, Ephraim became the dominant tribe of the northern kingdom, with "Ephraim" often standing as synecdoche for all ten northern tribes. The prophets...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
10-13. The second case is that of an impious son of a pious father. His pious parentage, so far from excusing, aggravates his guilt.
**robber--**or literally, "a breaker," namely, through all constraints of right.
**doeth the like to any one--**The Hebrew and the parallel (Eze 18:18) require us to translate rather, "doeth to his brother any of these things," namely, the things which follow in ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Ephraim, from the east side even unto the west side, a portion for Reuben.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Ephraim, from the east side even unto the west side, a portion for Reuben.</strong> Reuben, Jacob's firstborn by Leah, receives the sixth portion. Historically, Reuben lost birthright privileges due to sexual sin (Genesis 35:22, 49:3-4: "unstable as water, you shall not have preeminence, because you went up to your father's bed"). His tribe settled east of Jordan (Numb...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
10-13. The second case is that of an impious son of a pious father. His pious parentage, so far from excusing, aggravates his guilt.
**robber--**or literally, "a breaker," namely, through all constraints of right.
**doeth the like to any one--**The Hebrew and the parallel (Eze 18:18) require us to translate rather, "doeth to his brother any of these things," namely, the things which follow in ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Reuben, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Judah.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Reuben, from the east side unto the west side, a portion for Judah.</strong> Judah receives the seventh and final tribal allotment before the sacred central district (v. 8). This placement is highly significant: Judah borders the holy portion containing the sanctuary, reflecting Judah's royal and messianic destiny. Jacob's blessing declared Judah as the tribe of kingsh...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
10-13. The second case is that of an impious son of a pious father. His pious parentage, so far from excusing, aggravates his guilt.
**robber--**or literally, "a breaker," namely, through all constraints of right.
**doeth the like to any one--**The Hebrew and the parallel (Eze 18:18) require us to translate rather, "doeth to his brother any of these things," namely, the things which follow in ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Judah, from the east side unto the west side, shall be the offering which ye shall offer of five and twenty thousand reeds in breadth, and in length as one of the other parts, from the east side unto the west side: and the sanctuary shall be in the midst of it.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Judah, from the east side unto the west side, shall be the offering which ye shall offer of five and twenty thousand reeds in breadth, and in length as one of the other parts, from the east side unto the west side: and the sanctuary shall be in the midst of it.</strong> This verse introduces the central sacred district, distinct from tribal territories. The Hebrew <em>...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
10-13. The second case is that of an impious son of a pious father. His pious parentage, so far from excusing, aggravates his guilt.
**robber--**or literally, "a breaker," namely, through all constraints of right.
**doeth the like to any one--**The Hebrew and the parallel (Eze 18:18) require us to translate rather, "doeth to his brother any of these things," namely, the things which follow in ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →The oblation that ye shall offer unto the LORD shall be of five and twenty thousand in length, and of ten thousand in breadth.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The oblation that ye shall offer unto the LORD shall be of five and twenty thousand in length, and of ten thousand in breadth.</strong> This verse specifies the dimensions of the sacred <em>tĕrûmâ</em> (תְּרוּמָה, "oblation/offering"). The measurements—25,000 reeds long (north-south) by 10,000 reeds wide (east-west)—create a rectangular sacred zone. The number 25,000 appears repeatedly (vv...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
14-18. The third case: a son who walks not in the steps of an unrighteous father, but in the ways of God; for example, Josiah, the pious son of guilty Amon; Hezekiah, of Ahaz (2Ki 16:1-20; 18:1-37; 21:1-22:20).
**seeth ... and considereth--**The same Hebrew stands for both verbs, "seeth ... yea, seeth." The repetition implies the attentive observation needed, in order that the son may not be led...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And for them, even for the priests, shall be this holy oblation; toward the north five and twenty thousand in length, and toward the west ten thousand in breadth, and toward the east ten thousand in breadth, and toward the south five and twenty thousand in length: and the sanctuary of the LORD shall be in the midst thereof.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And for them, even for the priests, shall be this holy oblation; toward the north five and twenty thousand in length, and toward the west ten thousand in breadth, and toward the east ten thousand in breadth, and toward the south five and twenty thousand in length: and the sanctuary of the LORD shall be in the midst thereof.</strong> This verse specifies that the priestly portion surrounds ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
14-18. The third case: a son who walks not in the steps of an unrighteous father, but in the ways of God; for example, Josiah, the pious son of guilty Amon; Hezekiah, of Ahaz (2Ki 16:1-20; 18:1-37; 21:1-22:20).
**seeth ... and considereth--**The same Hebrew stands for both verbs, "seeth ... yea, seeth." The repetition implies the attentive observation needed, in order that the son may not be led...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →It shall be for the priests that are sanctified of the sons of Zadok; which have kept my charge, which went not astray when the children of Israel went astray, as the Levites went astray. It: or, The sanctified portion shall be for the priests charge: or, ward, or, ordinance
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>It shall be for the priests that are sanctified of the sons of Zadok; which have kept my charge, which went not astray when the children of Israel went astray, as the Levites went astray.</strong> This verse identifies the specific priests receiving the sacred inheritance: the <em>bĕnê-Tsādôq</em> (בְּנֵי־צָדוֹק, "sons of Zadok"). The name Zadok (צָדוֹק) means "righteous," and these priest...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
14-18. The third case: a son who walks not in the steps of an unrighteous father, but in the ways of God; for example, Josiah, the pious son of guilty Amon; Hezekiah, of Ahaz (2Ki 16:1-20; 18:1-37; 21:1-22:20).
**seeth ... and considereth--**The same Hebrew stands for both verbs, "seeth ... yea, seeth." The repetition implies the attentive observation needed, in order that the son may not be led...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And this oblation of the land that is offered shall be unto them a thing most holy by the border of the Levites.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And this oblation of the land that is offered shall be unto them a thing most holy</strong> (קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים, <em>qodesh qodashim</em>)—the superlative "holy of holies" designates the priestly portion as supremely sacred, echoing the inner sanctuary terminology (Exodus 26:33-34). This section borders the Levitical territory, creating a sacred buffer zone around the sanctuary itself.<br><b...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
14-18. The third case: a son who walks not in the steps of an unrighteous father, but in the ways of God; for example, Josiah, the pious son of guilty Amon; Hezekiah, of Ahaz (2Ki 16:1-20; 18:1-37; 21:1-22:20).
**seeth ... and considereth--**The same Hebrew stands for both verbs, "seeth ... yea, seeth." The repetition implies the attentive observation needed, in order that the son may not be led...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And over against the border of the priests the Levites shall have five and twenty thousand in length, and ten thousand in breadth: all the length shall be five and twenty thousand, and the breadth ten thousand.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Over against the border of the priests the Levites shall have five and twenty thousand in length, and ten thousand in breadth</strong>—the Levitical portion mirrors the priestly dimensions (25,000x10,000 cubits), honoring their ministerial role while maintaining hierarchical distinction. The phrase <strong>over against</strong> (לְעֻמַּת, <em>le-ummat</em>) means "corresponding to" or "par...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
14-18. The third case: a son who walks not in the steps of an unrighteous father, but in the ways of God; for example, Josiah, the pious son of guilty Amon; Hezekiah, of Ahaz (2Ki 16:1-20; 18:1-37; 21:1-22:20).
**seeth ... and considereth--**The same Hebrew stands for both verbs, "seeth ... yea, seeth." The repetition implies the attentive observation needed, in order that the son may not be led...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
Chapter 48
Prophecies against Moab for pride and security. (Jr 48:1-13) For carnal confidence and contempt of God. (Jr 48:14-47)
**Verses 1-13** . The Chaldeans are to destroy the Moabites. We should be thankful that we are required to seek the salvation of men's lives, and the salvation of their souls, not to shed their blood; but we shall be the more without excuse if we do this pleasant w...
Read full commentary →And they shall not sell of it, neither exchange, nor alienate the firstfruits of the land: for it is holy unto the LORD.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>They shall not sell of it, neither exchange, nor alienate the firstfruits of the land</strong>—three prohibitions (לֹא־יִמְכְּרוּ, <em>lo-yimkeru</em>; לֹא־יָמִיר, <em>lo-yamir</em>; לֹא־יַעֲבֹר, <em>lo-ya'avor</em>) establish inalienable sanctity. The term <strong>alienate</strong> literally means "cause to pass over" (to another owner), preventing the economic commodification of sacred s...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(14) **Shall not sell of it.—**The Levites’ portion (Ezekiel 48:13) was of the same size as that of the priests, instead of their having (as under the law) nearly three times as many cities, and the restriction of Leviticus 25:34 that they might not even temporarily alienate the fields attached to their cities, is here extended to their whole land on the express ground that it is “first-fruits.”
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
19. Here the Jews object to the prophet's word and in their objection seem to seek a continuance of that very thing which they had originally made a matter of complaint. Therefore translate, "Wherefore doth not the son bear the iniquity of his father?" It now would seem a consolation to them to think the son might suffer for his father's misdeeds; for it would soothe their self-love to regard them...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And the five thousand, that are left in the breadth over against the five and twenty thousand, shall be a profane place for the city, for dwelling, and for suburbs: and the city shall be in the midst thereof.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The five thousand, that are left...shall be a profane place for the city</strong>—the term <strong>profane</strong> (חֹל, <em>chol</em>) means "common" or "secular," not defiled but simply non-sacred. This distinction creates balanced theology: not all space is temple-holy, yet common life adjacent to sacred space receives dignity and purpose.<br><br><strong>For dwelling, and for suburbs</...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(15) **The five thousand that are left.**—The two strips of territory for the Levites and the priests, each 10,000 reeds wide, being deducted from the whole width of the oblation, leaves a strip of 5,000 wide and 25,000 long which is here apportioned to the city and its suburbs. It is called “profane” in contrast to the “holy” possession of the Levites (Ezekiel 48:14), and the “most holy” of the p...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**20. son shall not bear ... iniquity of ... father--**(De 24:16; 2Ki 14:6).
**righteousness ... wickedness--**that is, the reward for righteousness ... the punishment of wickedness. "Righteousness" is not used as if any were absolutely righteous; but, of such as have it imputed to them for Christ's sake, though not under the Old Testament themselves understanding the ground on which they were r...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And these shall be the measures thereof; the north side four thousand and five hundred, and the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side four thousand and five hundred, and the west side four thousand and five hundred.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>These shall be the measures thereof</strong>—the city forms a perfect square (4,500 cubits per side), echoing the symmetry of the New Jerusalem which is also foursquare (Revelation 21:16). The repetition across <strong>north...south...east...west</strong> emphasizes completeness and divine order extending to all four directions, symbolizing universal scope.<br><br>The precise measurements ...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(16) **The measures**.—The city itself is to be an exact square of 4,500 reeds, and according to Ezekiel 48:17, was to have “suburbs,” or rather *an open space* on all sides of 250 reeds. The whole was, therefore, 5,000 reeds—a little less than ten miles—square, the exact width of the space that was left of the oblation, and leaving 10,000 reeds on each side of it.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
21-24. Two last cases, showing the equity of God: (1) The penitent sinner is dealt with according to his new obedience, not according to his former sins. (2) The righteous man who turns from righteousness to sin shall be punished for the latter, and his former righteousness will be of no avail to him.
**he shall surely live--**Despair drives men into hardened recklessness; God therefore allures ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And the suburbs of the city shall be toward the north two hundred and fifty, and toward the south two hundred and fifty, and toward the east two hundred and fifty, and toward the west two hundred and fifty.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The suburbs of the city</strong> (מִגְרָשׁ, <em>migrash</em>)—open lands surrounding the city, measuring 250 cubits on each side, provided pasture and agricultural space. Levitical cities similarly had <em>migrash</em> zones (Numbers 35:2-5), blending urban and agrarian life while preventing overcrowding.<br><br>The four-directional description—<strong>toward the north...south...east...wes...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
21-24. Two last cases, showing the equity of God: (1) The penitent sinner is dealt with according to his new obedience, not according to his former sins. (2) The righteous man who turns from righteousness to sin shall be punished for the latter, and his former righteousness will be of no avail to him.
**he shall surely live--**Despair drives men into hardened recklessness; God therefore allures ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And the residue in length over against the oblation of the holy portion shall be ten thousand eastward, and ten thousand westward: and it shall be over against the oblation of the holy portion; and the increase thereof shall be for food unto them that serve the city.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The residue in length over against the oblation of the holy portion</strong>—the remaining agricultural land (10,000 cubits east and west) runs parallel (<em>le-ummat</em>) to the sacred precinct, maintaining geographical relationship between provision and worship. <strong>The increase thereof shall be for food unto them that serve the city</strong>—divine provision directly supports those...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(18) **Shall be for food.—**This piece of land, only four times the size of the city itself, would seem a very insufficient provision for raising all the food required for the labourers of the city. But here, as everywhere, it is to be remembered that the description is ideal
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
21-24. Two last cases, showing the equity of God: (1) The penitent sinner is dealt with according to his new obedience, not according to his former sins. (2) The righteous man who turns from righteousness to sin shall be punished for the latter, and his former righteousness will be of no avail to him.
**he shall surely live--**Despair drives men into hardened recklessness; God therefore allures ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And they that serve the city shall serve it out of all the tribes of Israel.
View commentary (4 sources)
KJV Study Commentary
<strong>They that serve the city shall serve it out of all the tribes of Israel</strong>—the city's workforce represents pan-tribal participation, not isolated sectarianism. The verb <strong>serve</strong> (עָבַד, <em>avad</em>) denotes both labor and worship, suggesting secular service in the sacred city carries spiritual dignity.<br><br>This inclusive vision unifies the twelve tribes around comm...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(19) **Out of all the tribes of Israel.—**The city itself is no longer, as of old, to belong to any particular tribe, but is to be situated on the common oblation, and its labourers are to be taken alike from all the tribes. Thus the old jealousies are to be extinguished, and in this, as in all other respects, each tribe is to be treated like every other.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
21-24. Two last cases, showing the equity of God: (1) The penitent sinner is dealt with according to his new obedience, not according to his former sins. (2) The righteous man who turns from righteousness to sin shall be punished for the latter, and his former righteousness will be of no avail to him.
**he shall surely live--**Despair drives men into hardened recklessness; God therefore allures ...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →All the oblation shall be five and twenty thousand by five and twenty thousand: ye shall offer the holy oblation foursquare, with the possession of the city.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>All the oblation shall be five and twenty thousand by five and twenty thousand</strong>—the complete sacred district forms a perfect square (25,000x25,000 cubits), encompassing priestly portion, Levitical portion, and city property. The term <strong>oblation</strong> (תְּרוּמָה, <em>terumah</em>) means "contribution" or "heave offering," indicating the entire land is lifted up/set apart fo...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
25. Their plea for saying, "The way of the Lord is not equal," was that God treated different classes in a different way. But it was really their way that was unequal, since living in sin they expected to be dealt with as if they were righteous. God's way was invariably to deal with different men according to their deserts.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And the residue shall be for the prince, on the one side and on the other of the holy oblation, and of the possession of the city, over against the five and twenty thousand of the oblation toward the east border, and westward over against the five and twenty thousand toward the west border, over against the portions for the prince: and it shall be the holy oblation; and the sanctuary of the house shall be in the midst thereof.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The residue shall be for the prince</strong>—the Davidic ruler (<em>nasi</em>, prince/leader) receives land on both sides of the sacred square, extending east to the Jordan and west to the Mediterranean. Unlike monarchic land-grabbing (1 Kings 21, Ahab seizing Naboth's vineyard), this prince's portion is divinely prescribed, preventing royal encroachment on sacred space.<br><br><strong>The...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(21) **The residue shall be for the prince.—**The length of the oblation from east to west is supposed to leave a strip at either end which is assigned to the prince. This strip is to extend from north to south, the whole width of the oblation. The expression “over against the portions for the prince” is somewhat obscure from its extreme brevity and want of punctuation in our version; it means tha...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
26-28. The two last instances repeated in inverse order. God's emphatic statement of His principle of government needs no further proof than the simple statement of it.
**in them--**in the actual sins, which are the manifestations of the principle of "iniquity," mentioned just before.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →Moreover from the possession of the Levites, and from the possession of the city, being in the midst of that which is the prince's, between the border of Judah and the border of Benjamin, shall be for the prince.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Moreover from the possession of the Levites, and from the possession of the city, being in the midst of that which is the prince's</strong>—This verse clarifies the prince's territorial allocation, defined by its boundaries: the Levitical possession to the north, the sacred city district, and the tribal lands of Judah (north) and Benjamin (south). The Hebrew <em>la-nassi</em> (לַנָּשִׂיא, ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
26-28. The two last instances repeated in inverse order. God's emphatic statement of His principle of government needs no further proof than the simple statement of it.
**in them--**in the actual sins, which are the manifestations of the principle of "iniquity," mentioned just before.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →As for the rest of the tribes, from the east side unto the west side, Benjamin shall have a portion. A portion: Heb. one portion
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>As for the rest of the tribes, from the east side unto the west side, Benjamin shall have a portion.</strong> The allocation now shifts to the southern tribal territories. Benjamin's placement immediately south of the prince's land (and thus adjacent to the holy district) reflects this tribe's historical loyalty to the Davidic throne and the temple. The Hebrew <em>yeter ha-shevatim</em> (י...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(23) **The rest of the tribes.—**In Ezekiel 48:23-29 the remaining five tribes have their portions assigned on the south of the oblation in precisely the same way as the seven on the north.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
26-28. The two last instances repeated in inverse order. God's emphatic statement of His principle of government needs no further proof than the simple statement of it.
**in them--**in the actual sins, which are the manifestations of the principle of "iniquity," mentioned just before.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Benjamin, from the east side unto the west side, Simeon shall have a portion.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Benjamin, from the east side unto the west side, Simeon shall have a portion.</strong> Simeon's placement south of Benjamin is remarkable given this tribe's problematic history. Jacob's deathbed prophecy pronounced scattering for Simeon and Levi due to their violence at Shechem (Genesis 49:5-7). While Levi's scattering became sanctified through priestly service, Simeon...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
29. Though God's justice is so plainly manifested, sinners still object to it because they do not wish to see it (Mi 2:7; Mt 11:18, 19).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Simeon, from the east side unto the west side, Issachar a portion.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Simeon, from the east side unto the west side, Issachar a portion.</strong> Issachar, one of Leah's sons, receives the fourth position south of the sacred district. This tribe's name derives from <em>sakar</em> (שָׂכָר, "wages/reward"), reflecting Leah's declaration at his birth (Genesis 30:18). Jacob's blessing described Issachar as "a strong ass couching down between...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
30-32. As God is to judge them "according to their ways" (Pr 1:31), their only hope is to "repent"; and this is a sure hope, for God takes no delight in judging them in wrath, but graciously desires their salvation on repentance.
**I will judge you--**Though ye cavil, it is a sufficient answer that I, your Judge, declare it so, and will judge you according to My will; and then your cavils must e...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Issachar, from the east side unto the west side, Zebulun a portion.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Issachar, from the east side unto the west side, Zebulun a portion.</strong> Zebulun, another of Leah's sons and Issachar's full brother, receives the fifth southern position. The name <em>Zevulun</em> (זְבוּלֻן) relates to <em>zaval</em> ("to dwell/honor"), as Leah declared "now will my husband dwell with me" at his birth (Genesis 30:20). Jacob's blessing prophesied: ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
30-32. As God is to judge them "according to their ways" (Pr 1:31), their only hope is to "repent"; and this is a sure hope, for God takes no delight in judging them in wrath, but graciously desires their salvation on repentance.
**I will judge you--**Though ye cavil, it is a sufficient answer that I, your Judge, declare it so, and will judge you according to My will; and then your cavils must e...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Zebulun, from the east side unto the west side, Gad a portion.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Zebulun, from the east side unto the west side, Gad a portion.</strong> Gad's placement as the sixth and southernmost tribe before the final southern border is significant. Gad was Zilpah's son (Leah's handmaid), and his name means "troop" or "fortune" (Genesis 30:11). Jacob's blessing declared: "Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last" (Gene...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
30-32. As God is to judge them "according to their ways" (Pr 1:31), their only hope is to "repent"; and this is a sure hope, for God takes no delight in judging them in wrath, but graciously desires their salvation on repentance.
**I will judge you--**Though ye cavil, it is a sufficient answer that I, your Judge, declare it so, and will judge you according to My will; and then your cavils must e...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And by the border of Gad, at the south side southward, the border shall be even from Tamar unto the waters of strife in Kadesh, and to the river toward the great sea. strife: or, Meribahkadesh
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And by the border of Gad, at the south side southward, the border shall be even from Tamar unto the waters of strife in Kadesh, and to the river toward the great sea.</strong> This verse defines the southern boundary of the restored land. <em>Tamar</em> (תָּמָר, "palm tree") likely refers to Hazazon-tamar near the Dead Sea (2 Chronicles 20:2), the southeastern anchor point. <em>Mei Merivat...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →This is the land which ye shall divide by lot unto the tribes of Israel for inheritance, and these are their portions, saith the Lord GOD.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>This is the land which ye shall divide by lot unto the tribes of Israel for inheritance, and these are their portions, saith the Lord GOD.</strong> This solemn conclusion to the land distribution section emphasizes divine authority: <em>ne'um Adonai YHWH</em> (נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה, "declares the Lord GOD"). The phrase <em>tappilu nachalaḥ</em> (תַּפִּילוּ נַחֲלָה, "divide by lot for inheri...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
CHAPTER 19 Eze 19:1-14. Elegy over the Fall of David's House.
There is a tacit antithesis between this lamentation and that of the Jews for their own miseries, into the causes of which, however, they did not inquire.
**1. princes of Israel--**that is, Judah, whose "princes" alone were recognized by prophecy; those of the ten tribes were, in respect to the theocracy, usurpers.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →The Gates of the City
And these are the goings out of the city on the north side, four thousand and five hundred measures.
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KJV Study Commentary
The description—'And these are the goings out of the city on the north side, four thousand and five hundred measures'—begins detailing the city's dimensions. The Hebrew תּוֹצְאוֹת (totse'ot, 'goings out') refers to borders or extremities. The 4,500-measure dimension (likely cubits or reeds) creates a perfect square when combined with other sides (verses 30-34). This geometric perfection symbolizes...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(30) **The goings out** **of** **the city.—**In Ezekiel 48:30-34 the dimensions of the city are again given for the purpose of introducing the mention of the gates, three on each side, one for each of the tribes of Israel. In this enumeration Levi takes his place as a tribe, and Joseph is therefore reckoned as only one tribe; but the order of their names is neither that of their geographical arran...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**2. thy mother--**the mother of Jehoiachin, the representative of David's line in exile with Ezekiel. The "mother" is Judea: "a lioness," as being fierce in catching prey (Eze 19:3), referring to her heathenish practices. Jerusalem was called Ariel (the lion of God) in a good sense (Is 29:1); and Judah "a lion's whelp ... a lion ... an old lion" (Ge 49:9), to which, as also to Nu 23:24; 24:9, thi...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And the gates of the city shall be after the names of the tribes of Israel: three gates northward; one gate of Reuben, one gate of Judah, one gate of Levi.
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KJV Study Commentary
The gate naming—'the gates of the city shall be after the names of the tribes of Israel: three gates northward; one gate of Reuben, one gate of Judah, one gate of Levi'—commemorates all twelve tribes. Each tribe receives recognition through named gates, preventing tribal hierarchy or favorites. The Hebrew שְׁעָרִים (she'arim, 'gates') serve both functional (access) and symbolic (identity) purposes...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**3. young lion--**Jehoahaz, son of Josiah, carried captive from Riblah to Egypt by Pharaoh-necho (2Ki 23:33).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And at the east side four thousand and five hundred: and three gates; and one gate of Joseph, one gate of Benjamin, one gate of Dan.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And at the east side four thousand and five hundred: and three gates; and one gate of Joseph, one gate of Benjamin, one gate of Dan.</strong> The eastern wall of the holy city measures 4,500 cubits (approximately 2.25 miles) with three tribal gates. The eastern orientation is significant—the glory of God departed eastward (Ezekiel 10:18-19, 11:23) and returns from the east (Ezekiel 43:1-4)...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**4. The nations--**Egypt, in the case of Jehoahaz, who probably provoked Pharaoh by trying to avenge the death of his father by assailing the bordering cities of Egypt (2Ki 23:29, 30).
**in their pit--**image from the pitfalls used for catching wild beasts (Jr 22:11, 12).
**chains--**or hooks, which were fastened in the noses of wild beasts (see on Eze 19:9).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →And at the south side four thousand and five hundred measures: and three gates; one gate of Simeon, one gate of Issachar, one gate of Zebulun.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>And at the south side four thousand and five hundred measures: and three gates; one gate of Simeon, one gate of Issachar, one gate of Zebulun.</strong> The southern wall completes the city's perimeter with gates for Simeon, Issachar, and Zebulun. <em>Shimon</em> (שִׁמְעוֹן, from <em>shama</em>, "to hear") represents the God who hears—Leah named him thus because "the LORD hath heard" her af...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**5. saw that she had waited, and her hope was lost--**that is, that her long-waited-for hope was disappointed, Jehoahaz not being restored to her from Egypt.
**she took another of her whelps--**Jehoiakim, brother of Jehoahaz, who was placed on the throne by Pharaoh (2Ki 23:34), according to the wish of Judah.
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →At the west side four thousand and five hundred, with their three gates; one gate of Gad, one gate of Asher, one gate of Naphtali.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>At the west side four thousand and five hundred, with their three gates; one gate of Gad, one gate of Asher, one gate of Naphtali.</strong> The final verse of Ezekiel completes the circuit of the eschatological city's gates, naming the three western portals after northern tribes. The west (<em>yam</em>, יָם, literally 'sea') orients toward the Mediterranean, symbolizing openness to the nat...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**6. went up and down among the lions--**imitated the recklessness and tyranny of the surrounding kings (Jr 22:13-17).
**catch ... prey--**to do evil, gratifying his lusts by oppression (2Ki 23:37).
Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →It was round about eighteen thousand measures: and the name of the city from that day shall be, The LORD is there. The LORD: Heb. Jehovahshammah
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KJV Study Commentary
The book's final verse: 'It was round about eighteen thousand measures: and the name of the city from that day shall be, The LORD is there.' The climax isn't architectural details or tribal allotments but God's presence. The Hebrew name 'Yahweh Shammah' (יְהוָה שָׁמָּה, 'the LORD is there') declares the city's defining reality—God dwells there. This contrasts with Jerusalem's earlier name 'Ichabod...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(35) **Round about eighteen thousand.—**The circuit of the city, not including its “suburbs,” or open space, was 4 x 4,500 = 18,000 reeds, or something over thirty-four miles. Josephus reckoned the circuit of Jerusalem in his day at four miles.
**Measures.**—This word is rightly supplied from Ezekiel 48:30; Ezekiel 48:33. On the symmetry of the city and its gates and the names of the gates, comp. ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**7. knew ... desolate palaces--**that is, claimed as his own their palaces, which he then proceeded to "desolate." The Hebrew, literally "widows"; hence widowed palaces (Is 13:22). Vatablus (whom Fairbairn follows) explains it, "He knew (carnally) the widows of those whom he devoured" (Eze 19:6). But thus the metaphor and the literal reality would be blended: the lion being represented as knowing...
Read full commentary →Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary
**Verses 14-47** . The destruction of Moab is further prophesied, to awaken them by national repentance and reformation to prevent the trouble, or by a personal repentance and reformation to prepare for it. In reading this long roll of threatenings, and mediating on the terror, it will be of more use to us to keep in view the power of God's anger and the terror of his judgments, and to have our he...
Read full commentary →