King James Version

What Does Romans 3:21 Mean?

Romans 3:21 in the King James Version says “But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; — study this verse from Romans chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets;

Romans 3:21 · KJV


Context

19

Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God. guilty: or, subject to the judgment of God

20

Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin.

21

But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets;

22

Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference:

23

For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets. The great turning point: Nyni de (Νυνὶ δέ, "But now")—the eschatological now of gospel revelation. Dikaiosynē theou (δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ, "righteousness of God") is either God's own righteousness or the righteousness He provides—probably both. Chōris nomou (χωρὶς νόμου, "apart from law")—not through Torah observance.

Pephanerōtai (πεφανέρωται, "has been manifested")—perfect tense: revealed and remaining revealed. Though apart from law, it is martyroumenē (μαρτυρουμένη, "witnessed") by the Law and Prophets (the entire OT). Paul will demonstrate this from Abraham (chapter 4) and David (4:6-8). The gospel is not a Plan B but God's eternal purpose, testified to throughout Scripture. This righteousness is sola gratia, sola fide, solus Christus—by grace alone through faith alone in Christ alone.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Paul's "but now" marks the Christ-event as the turning point of history. The messianic age has dawned, bringing the righteousness of God apart from human merit. Paul will spend Romans 4 proving this was God's plan all along, seen in Abraham's justification by faith (Genesis 15:6) centuries before Moses received the law.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does "but now" change everything about your relationship with God—past condemnation yielding to present justification?
  2. What does it mean that this righteousness is "apart from law" yet "witnessed by" Scripture?
  3. How should the revelation of God's righteousness transform your entire approach to spirituality and assurance?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 14 words
Νυνὶ1 of 14
G3570

just now

δὲ2 of 14

But

G1161

but, and, etc

χωρὶς3 of 14

without

G5565

at a space, i.e., separately or apart from (often as preposition)

νόμου4 of 14

the law

G3551

law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat

δικαιοσύνη5 of 14

the righteousness

G1343

equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification

θεοῦ6 of 14

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

πεφανέρωται7 of 14

is manifested

G5319

to render apparent (literally or figuratively)

μαρτυρουμένη8 of 14

being witnessed

G3140

to be a witness, i.e., testify (literally or figuratively)

ὑπὸ9 of 14

by

G5259

under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (

τοῦ10 of 14
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

νόμου11 of 14

the law

G3551

law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat

καὶ12 of 14

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τῶν13 of 14
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

προφητῶν14 of 14

the prophets

G4396

a foreteller ("prophet"); by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 3:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 3:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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