King James Version

What Does Psalms 89:41 Mean?

Psalms 89:41 in the King James Version says “All that pass by the way spoil him: he is a reproach to his neighbours. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 89 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

All that pass by the way spoil him: he is a reproach to his neighbours.

Psalms 89:41 · KJV


Context

39

Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant: thou hast profaned his crown by casting it to the ground.

40

Thou hast broken down all his hedges; thou hast brought his strong holds to ruin.

41

All that pass by the way spoil him: he is a reproach to his neighbours.

42

Thou hast set up the right hand of his adversaries; thou hast made all his enemies to rejoice.

43

Thou hast also turned the edge of his sword, and hast not made him to stand in the battle.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
All that pass by the way spoil him (שָׁסוּהוּ כָּל־עֹבְרֵי דָרֶךְ shasu-hu kol-ovrei darek)—shasah means to plunder, pillage, or despoil. The king who should command respect is instead victim to casual passers-by. He is a reproach to his neighbours (חֶרְפָּה לִשְׁכֵנָיו cherpah lishkhenav)—cherpah denotes scorn, disgrace, taunt. Neighbors who should fear now mock.

This humiliation fulfills Deuteronomy 28:37: "Thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a byword, among all nations." Lamentations 2:15 describes Jerusalem's mockery: "All that pass by clap their hands at thee; they hiss and wag their head." The language anticipates Christ, mocked by passers-by at Golgotha: "They that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads" (Matthew 27:39). The Messianic King's path to glory required becoming a reproach. Isaiah 53:3: "He is despised and rejected of men." Only through bearing ultimate cherpah (reproach) could He remove believers' shame (Hebrews 12:2).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

After Judah's fall, surrounding nations—Edom, Moab, Ammon—rejoiced at her destruction (Ezekiel 25-26; Obadiah 1:12-13). Former vassals became mockers. The reproach wasn't just political but theological: "Where is your God?" (Psalm 42:3). Israel's defeat seemed to prove YHWH's weakness. This explains the psalmist's urgent plea—God's own reputation is at stake.

Reflection Questions

  1. When has following God made you a "reproach" to others? How did you respond to their mockery?
  2. How does knowing Christ bore ultimate reproach (Hebrews 13:13: "bearing his reproach") enable you to endure scorn for faith?
  3. What does it mean that Christ removed believers' eternal shame even while we may experience temporary reproach?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
שַׁ֭סֻּהוּ1 of 7

spoil

H8155

to plunder

כָּל2 of 7
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

עֹ֣בְרֵי3 of 7

All that pass by

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

דָ֑רֶךְ4 of 7

the way

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

הָיָ֥ה5 of 7
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

חֶ֝רְפָּ֗ה6 of 7

him he is a reproach

H2781

contumely, disgrace, the pudenda

לִשְׁכֵנָֽיו׃7 of 7

to his neighbours

H7934

a resident; by extension, a fellow-citizen


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 89:41 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 89:41 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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