King James Version

What Does Psalms 125:4 Mean?

Psalms 125:4 in the King James Version says “Do good, O LORD, unto those that be good, and to them that are upright in their hearts. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 125 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Do good, O LORD, unto those that be good, and to them that are upright in their hearts.

Psalms 125:4 · KJV


Context

2

As the mountains are round about Jerusalem, so the LORD is round about his people from henceforth even for ever.

3

For the rod of the wicked shall not rest upon the lot of the righteous; lest the righteous put forth their hands unto iniquity. the wicked: Heb. wickedness

4

Do good, O LORD, unto those that be good, and to them that are upright in their hearts.

5

As for such as turn aside unto their crooked ways, the LORD shall lead them forth with the workers of iniquity: but peace shall be upon Israel.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
A prayer for divine favor follows: 'Do good, O LORD, unto those that be good, and to them that are upright in their hearts.' The imperative 'do good' is bold yet appropriate - covenant people may appeal to God's goodness and justice. The Hebrew 'hatab' means to make well, deal bountifully, show goodness. The dual description of recipients ('those that be good' and 'those that are upright in their hearts') emphasizes both external behavior and internal character. 'Good' refers to moral excellence and covenant faithfulness. 'Upright in their hearts' addresses motivation and integrity - not merely external compliance but genuine devotion. The phrase 'in their hearts' recognizes that God judges internal reality, not just outward appearance. This prayer asks God to bless those whose lives align with His character. It's not merit-based salvation but covenant-based expectation that God rewards faithfulness.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Mosaic covenant included blessings for obedience (Deuteronomy 28:1-14), establishing expectation that God rewards righteousness. However, Israelite history showed that blessing doesn't always follow immediately, creating tension between promise and experience. The prayer reflects both covenant confidence and current need.

Reflection Questions

  1. What gives believers confidence to pray 'do good' to God as a command?
  2. How does the distinction between outward goodness and heart uprightness protect against mere externalism?
  3. Is this prayer based on merit (earning blessing) or covenant (expecting faithfulness)? How do these differ?
  4. How does New Testament teaching about grace relate to Old Testament prayers for blessing on righteousness?
  5. What does 'upright in heart' look like practically in modern Christian life?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
הֵיטִ֣יבָה1 of 5

Do good

H2895

to be (transitively, do or make) good (or well) in the widest sense

יְ֭הוָה2 of 5

O LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

לַטּוֹבִ֑ים3 of 5

unto those that be good

H2896

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good

וְ֝לִֽישָׁרִ֗ים4 of 5

and to them that are upright

H3477

straight (literally or figuratively)

בְּלִבּוֹתָֽם׃5 of 5

in their hearts

H3826

the heart


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 125:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 125:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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