King James Version

What Does Proverbs 20:27 Mean?

Proverbs 20:27 in the King James Version says “The spirit of man is the candle of the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly. candle: or, lamp — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The spirit of man is the candle of the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly. candle: or, lamp

Proverbs 20:27 · KJV


Context

25

It is a snare to the man who devoureth that which is holy, and after vows to make enquiry.

26

A wise king scattereth the wicked, and bringeth the wheel over them.

27

The spirit of man is the candle of the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly. candle: or, lamp

28

Mercy and truth preserve the king: and his throne is upholden by mercy.

29

The glory of young men is their strength: and the beauty of old men is the gray head.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This proverb uses lamp imagery for human consciousness: 'The spirit of man is the candle of the LORD, searching all the inward parts of the belly.' The 'spirit of man' (neshamah adam—breath, life-force given by God) functions as God's 'candle' or 'lamp' (ner), illuminating the inner person. This suggests human conscience, self-awareness, and moral consciousness as God-given capacities enabling moral reflection and self-examination. The lamp 'searches all the inward parts'—reaches the deepest places of human motivation and thought. This anticipates the New Testament teaching that the spirit of man knows his own thoughts (1 Corinthians 2:11) and that God's word discerns the thoughts and intents of the heart (Hebrews 4:12).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Hebrew anthropology distinguished physical life (nephesh) from God-breathed spirit (ruach/neshamah). This verse celebrates the unique human capacity for self-reflection and moral awareness as God's gift distinguishing humans from animals. This consciousness enables recognition of sin, moral deliberation, and accountability before God. It is the basis for conscience and moral responsibility.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you utilize the 'lamp' of conscience and self-examination God has given you?
  2. What 'inward parts' might God be searching in you through conscience, conviction, or His word that require attention?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
נֵ֣ר1 of 8

is the candle

H5216

a lamp (i.e., the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)

יְ֭הוָה2 of 8

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

נִשְׁמַ֣ת3 of 8

The spirit

H5397

a puff, i.e., wind, angry or vital breath, divine inspiration, intellect. or (concretely) an animal

אָדָ֑ם4 of 8

of man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

חֹ֝פֵ֗שׂ5 of 8

searching

H2664

to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself (i.e., let be sought), or mask

כָּל6 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

חַדְרֵי7 of 8

all the inward parts

H2315

an apartment (usually literal)

בָֽטֶן׃8 of 8

of the belly

H990

the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 20:27 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 20:27 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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