King James Version

What Does Numbers 34:5 Mean?

Numbers 34:5 in the King James Version says “And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea. — study this verse from Numbers chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea.

Numbers 34:5 · KJV


Context

3

Then your south quarter shall be from the wilderness of Zin along by the coast of Edom, and your south border shall be the outmost coast of the salt sea eastward:

4

And your border shall turn from the south to the ascent of Akrabbim, and pass on to Zin: and the going forth thereof shall be from the south to Kadeshbarnea, and shall go on to Hazaraddar, and pass on to Azmon:

5

And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea.

6

And as for the western border, ye shall even have the great sea for a border: this shall be your west border.

7

And this shall be your north border: from the great sea ye shall point out for you mount Hor:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea—The southern boundary curves (nasav, compass/turn) from Azmon westward to Wadi el-Arish (the 'river of Egypt,' nachal Mitzrayim—not the Nile but seasonal stream marking Egypt-Canaan border), terminating at the Mediterranean (yam, sea).

This border separates covenant people from Egypt (representing bondage, worldliness). God redeemed Israel from Egypt to Canaan—the boundary formalizes that separation. Spiritually, Christians are delivered from the domain of darkness into Christ's kingdom (Colossians 1:13). Clear borders prevent mixture, protect distinct identity, and define where God's specific covenant laws apply. The NT parallel: the Church is 'in the world, not of it' (John 17:14-18).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The 'river of Egypt' (Wadi el-Arish) marked Egypt's northeastern frontier, running from Sinai to Mediterranean. Solomon's kingdom reached this boundary (1 Kings 4:21), representing maximum extent of Israel's influence. The border prevented Egyptian political/religious encroachment while allowing trade. Modern Gaza Strip sits near this ancient boundary.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'borders' has God established in your life to protect your spiritual identity and calling?
  2. How does the OT land boundary illuminate NT teachings about separation from worldly systems?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְנָסַ֧ב1 of 8

shall fetch a compass

H5437

to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively

הַגְּב֛וּל2 of 8

And the border

H1366

properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

מֵֽעַצְמ֖וֹן3 of 8

from Azmon

H6111

atsmon, a place near palestine

נַ֣חְלָה4 of 8

unto the river

H5158

a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)

מִצְרָ֑יִם5 of 8

of Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

וְהָי֥וּ6 of 8
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

תֽוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו7 of 8

and the goings out

H8444

(only in plural collective) exit, i.e., (geographical) boundary, or (figuratively) deliverance, (actively) source

הַיָּֽמָּה׃8 of 8

of it shall be at the sea

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 34:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 34:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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