King James Version

What Does Numbers 34:17 Mean?

Numbers 34:17 in the King James Version says “These are the names of the men which shall divide the land unto you: Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun. — study this verse from Numbers chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

These are the names of the men which shall divide the land unto you: Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun.

Numbers 34:17 · KJV


Context

15

The two tribes and the half tribe have received their inheritance on this side Jordan near Jericho eastward, toward the sunrising.

16

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

17

These are the names of the men which shall divide the land unto you: Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun.

18

And ye shall take one prince of every tribe, to divide the land by inheritance.

19

And the names of the men are these: Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God designates those who 'shall divide the land unto you: Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun.' The combination of priest (Eleazar) and leader (Joshua) ensured both spiritual and practical oversight in land distribution. The Hebrew 'nachal' (divide/inherit) indicates apportioning tribal inheritances by divine lot. This partnership of priestly and governmental leadership typified Israel's theocracy - God ruled through appointed mediators. Christ combines both offices perfectly - our great High Priest and coming King, ensuring perfect distribution of spiritual inheritance to believers. The church similarly has spiritual leaders and administrators, both gifts from Christ (Eph 4:11-12).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Eleazar succeeded his father Aaron as high priest (Num 20:25-28). Joshua, Moses' successor, led military conquest. Together they oversaw land distribution using Urim and Thummim for casting lots (Josh 14-19). This ensured fair, divinely-directed distribution preventing favoritism or conflict. The tribal princes (v.18-28) represented each tribe in the process, providing accountability and acceptance. Moses gave these instructions on Moab's plains before his death (v.1), ensuring orderly transition. The system demonstrated that godly governance requires both spiritual insight (priestly) and practical leadership (governmental), anticipating Christ's combined offices and church leadership's diverse gifts working together.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you appreciate how God provides both spiritual and practical leadership for His people's benefit?
  2. How does Christ's combination of priestly and kingly offices give you confidence He perfectly oversees your spiritual inheritance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
אֵ֚לֶּה1 of 13
H428

these or those

שְׁמ֣וֹת2 of 13

These are the names

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים3 of 13
H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֲשֶׁר4 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יִנְחֲל֥וּ5 of 13

which shall divide

H5157

to inherit (as a (figurative) mode of descent), or (generally) to occupy; causatively, to bequeath, or (generally) distribute, instate

לָכֶ֖ם6 of 13
H0
אֶת7 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָאָ֑רֶץ8 of 13

the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

אֶלְעָזָר֙9 of 13

unto you Eleazar

H499

elazar, the name of seven israelites

הַכֹּהֵ֔ן10 of 13

the priest

H3548

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

וִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ11 of 13

and Joshua

H3091

jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader

בִּן12 of 13

the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

נֽוּן׃13 of 13

of Nun

H5126

nun or non, the father of joshua


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 34:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 34:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study