King James Version

What Does Numbers 23:1 Mean?

Numbers 23:1 in the King James Version says “And Balaam said unto Balak, Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven oxen and seven rams. — study this verse from Numbers chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Balaam said unto Balak, Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven oxen and seven rams.

Numbers 23:1 · KJV


Context

1

And Balaam said unto Balak, Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven oxen and seven rams.

2

And Balak did as Balaam had spoken; and Balak and Balaam offered on every altar a bullock and a ram.

3

And Balaam said unto Balak, Stand by thy burnt offering, and I will go: peradventure the LORD will come to meet me: and whatsoever he sheweth me I will tell thee. And he went to an high place. to an: or, solitary


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Balaam's instruction to Balak—'Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven oxen and seven rams'—establishes elaborate ritual preparation before attempting prophecy. The number seven signifies completeness in Hebrew thought. Balaam sought to create favorable conditions for receiving an oracle, mixing pagan divination techniques with Yahweh worship. This reveals his fundamental misunderstanding: God cannot be manipulated through ritual correctness. True prophecy comes from divine initiative, not human technique. The altars and sacrifices could not force God to curse His blessed people.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The seven altars, oxen, and rams would have been extraordinarily expensive, demonstrating Balak's desperation. Balaam's ritual parallels Mesopotamian divination practices where elaborate preparations preceded seeking omens. However, biblical prophecy never operates through manipulation of divine powers. The prophets received revelation sovereignly given by God, not conjured through ritual technique. Balaam's approach exposed his pagan syncretism.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we sometimes try to manipulate God through religious ritual or correct technique?
  2. What distinguishes genuine prayer from attempts to manipulate God into responding as we wish?
  3. How does God's sovereignty over revelation challenge human attempts to control spiritual outcomes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר1 of 16

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

בִּלְעָם֙2 of 16

And Balaam

H1109

bilam, a place in palestine

אֶל3 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

בָּלָ֔ק4 of 16

unto Balak

H1111

balak, a moabitish king

בְּנֵה5 of 16

Build

H1129

to build (literally and figuratively)

לִ֥י6 of 16
H0
בָזֶ֖ה7 of 16
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה8 of 16

and seven

H7651

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

מִזְבְּחֹ֑ת9 of 16

altars

H4196

an altar

וְהָכֵ֥ן10 of 16

and prepare

H3559

properly, to be erect (i.e., stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix,

לִי֙11 of 16
H0
בָּזֶ֔ה12 of 16
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה13 of 16

and seven

H7651

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

פָרִ֖ים14 of 16

oxen

H6499

a bullock (apparently as breaking forth in wild strength, or perhaps as dividing the hoof)

וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה15 of 16

and seven

H7651

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

אֵילִֽים׃16 of 16

rams

H352

properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 23:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 23:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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