King James Version

What Does Numbers 13:3 Mean?

Numbers 13:3 in the King James Version says “And Moses by the commandment of the LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were heads of the childre... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Moses by the commandment of the LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were heads of the children of Israel.

Numbers 13:3 · KJV


Context

1

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

2

Send thou men, that they may search the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel: of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a ruler among them.

3

And Moses by the commandment of the LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were heads of the children of Israel.

4

And these were their names: of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua the son of Zaccur.

5

Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat the son of Hori.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Moses 'sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were heads of the children of Israel.' The phrase 'heads' (rashim) indicates these were tribal leaders, not random scouts - men of authority and influence. Their unanimous bad report (except Caleb and Joshua) proved devastating because of their leadership status. This teaches that leadership position doesn't guarantee spiritual discernment. Even respected leaders can spread unbelief and discourage God's people. The New Testament warns about false teachers (2 Pet 2:1-3) and urges testing leaders' teaching against Scripture (Acts 17:11, 1 John 4:1). Position must align with faithful character.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The spying mission occurred at Kadesh-Barnea in Paran wilderness, on Canaan's southern border. God commanded the spy mission (Num 13:1-2) after Israel requested it (Deut 1:22-23), showing God permits actions that reveal hearts even when He knows the outcome. The twelve leaders represented each tribe, ensuring comprehensive report and tribal buy-in. Their failure to trust God despite seeing Canaan's fruitfulness cost an entire generation Canaan's entrance. The incident demonstrates that investigating God's promises is permissible, but unbelief after seeing evidence brings severe consequences.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you trust respected leaders' opinions over God's clear promises, or test everything against Scripture?
  2. How does this passage warn you about the responsibility that comes with spiritual leadership and influence?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח1 of 14

sent

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אֹתָ֥ם2 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מֹשֶׁ֛ה3 of 14

And Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

מִמִּדְבַּ֥ר4 of 14

them from the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert

פָּארָ֖ן5 of 14

of Paran

H6290

paran, a desert of arabia

עַל6 of 14
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

פִּ֣י7 of 14

by the commandment

H6310

the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos

יְהוָ֑ה8 of 14

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

כֻּלָּ֣ם9 of 14
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲנָשִׁ֔ים10 of 14
H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

רָאשֵׁ֥י11 of 14

heads

H7218

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

בְנֵֽי12 of 14

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל13 of 14

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

הֵֽמָּה׃14 of 14

were

H1992

they (only used when emphatic)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 13:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 13:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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