King James Version

What Does Nehemiah 13:20 Mean?

Nehemiah 13:20 in the King James Version says “So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice. — study this verse from Nehemiah chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

Nehemiah 13:20 · KJV


Context

18

Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath.

19

And it came to pass, that when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the gates should be shut, and charged that they should not be opened till after the sabbath: and some of my servants set I at the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day.

20

So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

21

Then I testified against them, and said unto them, Why lodge ye about the wall? if ye do so again, I will lay hands on you. From that time forth came they no more on the sabbath. about: Heb. before

22

And I commanded the Levites that they should cleanse themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to sanctify the sabbath day. Remember me, O my God, concerning this also, and spare me according to the greatness of thy mercy. greatness: or, multitude


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.

This verse within Nehemiah 13 addresses themes of reform, confronting compromise, vigilance, finishing well. Nehemiah's return from Persia reveals backsliding, requiring renewed reforms in areas previously addressed—showing constant vigilance's necessity. This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. Nehemiah's final reforms address recurring covenant violations, demonstrating the ongoing challenge of maintaining spiritual commitment across generations. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does regular engagement with Scripture transform understanding of God and His will for your life?
  2. What specific commitments do you need to make (or renew) regarding Bible reading, worship, and obedience?
  3. How can the principles demonstrated in this passage inform your response to current challenges in your life or church?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וַיָּלִ֨ינוּ1 of 9

lodged

H3885

to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)

הָרֹֽכְלִ֜ים2 of 9

So the merchants

H7402

to travel for trading

וּמֹֽכְרֵ֧י3 of 9

and sellers

H4376

to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)

כָל4 of 9
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מִמְכָּ֛ר5 of 9

of all kind of ware

H4465

merchandise; abstractly, a selling

מִח֥וּץ6 of 9

without

H2351

properly, separate by a wall, i.e., outside, outdoors

לִירֽוּשָׁלִָ֖ם7 of 9

Jerusalem

H3389

jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine

פַּ֥עַם8 of 9

once

H6471

a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow)

וּשְׁתָּֽיִם׃9 of 9

or twice

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Nehemiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Nehemiah 13:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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