King James Version

What Does Matthew 25:33 Mean?

Matthew 25:33 in the King James Version says “And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left.

Matthew 25:33 · KJV


Context

31

When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory:

32

And before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats:

33

And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left.

34

Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:

35

For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Sheep on his right hand (τὰ πρόβατα ἐκ δεξιῶν, ta probata ek dexiōn)—The right hand (dexios) symbolizes honor, favor, and power throughout Scripture (Psalm 110:1, Acts 2:33-34). Sheep represent the redeemed, characterized by recognizing the Shepherd's voice (John 10:27).

Goats on the left (τὰ ἐρίφια ἐξ εὐωνύμων, ta eriphia ex euōnymōn)—The left hand position signifies dishonor and judgment. While goats aren't inherently evil in Scripture, here they represent those whose profession of faith proved empty, lacking the fruit of genuine conversion (James 2:14-26).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern courts positioned honored guests at the king's right hand (1 Kings 2:19). The imagery reflects biblical covenant theology where blessing and cursing, life and death, are set before humanity (Deuteronomy 30:15-20). This spatial division at judgment fulfills Jesus's earlier teaching about the narrow and wide gates (Matthew 7:13-14).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the sheep/goat distinction challenge cultural Christianity that claims faith without transformation?
  2. What does positioning at Christ's right hand teach about grace versus works in salvation?
  3. How should the reality of final separation affect our evangelistic urgency today?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
καὶ1 of 13

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

στήσει2 of 13

he shall set

G2476

to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)

τὰ3 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μὲν4 of 13
G3303

properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)

πρόβατα5 of 13

the sheep

G4263

something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)

ἐξ6 of 13

on

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

δεξιῶν7 of 13

right hand

G1188

the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes)

αὐτοῦ8 of 13
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὰ9 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ10 of 13

but

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐρίφια11 of 13

the goats

G2055

a kidling, i.e., (genitive case) goat (symbolically, wicked person)

ἐξ12 of 13

on

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

εὐωνύμων13 of 13

the left

G2176

properly, well-named (good-omened), i.e., the left (which was the lucky side among the pagan greeks); neuter as adverbial, at the left hand


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 25:33 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 25:33 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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