King James Version

What Does Matthew 24:20 Mean?

Matthew 24:20 in the King James Version says “But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day: — study this verse from Matthew chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day:

Matthew 24:20 · KJV


Context

18

Neither let him which is in the field return back to take his clothes.

19

And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days!

20

But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day:

21

For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be.

22

And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day (προσεύχεσθε δὲ ἵνα μὴ γένηται ἡ φυγὴ ὑμῶν χειμῶνος μηδὲ σαββάτῳ)—The imperative προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai, "pray") commands petition regarding circumstances of escape. Winter (χειμών, cheimōn) brings cold, rain, and swollen rivers, making mountain travel treacherous. The sabbath (σάββατον) presented different challenges: Jews limited travel to a "sabbath day's journey" (~2,000 cubits, about 3/5 mile), and city gates were closed.

This reveals: (1) Prayer influences providential timing—God cares about practical details. (2) Jesus assumes Jewish Christians would still observe sabbath restrictions decades later, showing continuity with Mosaic law's ethical dimensions. (3) Even in sovereignty, God invites prayer that affects outcomes. The early church's escape during Cestius Gallus's unexpected withdrawal (not winter, not sabbath) may well have been answer to this very prayer.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Judean winters (December-February) brought temperatures near freezing in mountains, with heavy rain making roads muddy and rivers dangerous. The siege of Jerusalem occurred April-September AD 70 (not winter). The brief escape window under Cestius (AD 66) also wasn't winter. Regarding sabbath: Jewish authorities enforced strict sabbath regulations. Fleeing on sabbath would have attracted hostile attention and been physically difficult with closed gates.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does this command to pray about logistical details teach about God's concern for physical as well as spiritual needs?
  2. How can believers balance preparation/planning with trust in God's providence?
  3. Does Jesus's assumption of continued sabbath observance have implications for how Christians view Old Testament law today?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
προσεύχεσθε1 of 12

pray ye

G4336

to pray to god, i.e., supplicate, worship

δὲ2 of 12

But

G1161

but, and, etc

ἵνα3 of 12
G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

μὴ4 of 12
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

γένηται5 of 12

be

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

6 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

φυγὴ7 of 12

flight

G5437

a fleeing, i.e., escape

ὑμῶν8 of 12

your

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

χειμῶνος9 of 12

in the winter

G5494

akin to the base of 5490 through the idea of a channel), meaning a storm (as pouring rain); by implication, the rainy season, i.e., winter

μηδὲ10 of 12

neither

G3366

but not, not even; in a continued negation, nor

ἐν11 of 12

on

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

σαββάτῳ12 of 12

the sabbath day

G4521

the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 24:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 24:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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